Traffic signsBrussels

The Belgian E1 sign, a blue circular sign with a red border and a single red diagonal bar, means parking prohibited. It must not be confused with the E3 sign, which prohibits both stopping and parking.

Yes, if stopping is otherwise permitted. Under Belgian law, a vehicle that remains stationary only for the time necessary for passengers to get in or out or for goods to be loaded or unloaded is considered stopped rather than parked.

Yes, provided you remain there only for the time necessary for passengers to get in or out and stopping is not prohibited for another reason. Waiting for passengers beyond that necessary time constitutes parking.

Yes, genuine loading or unloading is considered stopping rather than parking when the vehicle remains stationary only for the time necessary to perform it. Other stopping prohibitions must still be respected.

Simply remaining behind the wheel does not make parking legal. If the vehicle stays stationary for longer than necessary for passengers to board or leave or for goods to be loaded or unloaded, it is considered parked.

No, where the E1 prohibition applies. Belgian law specifically considers both refuelling and charging the battery of an electric or hybrid-electric vehicle to be parking.

An ordinary E1 sign applies on the side of the public road where it is placed, from the sign to the next intersection. Supplementary signs can indicate that the restriction begins or ends at another point or applies over a specified distance.

Yes. The E1 parking prohibition normally applies to both the carriageway and the verge on the side where the sign is placed. Specific supplementary signs can also extend its effect to the pavement for the road-user categories indicated.

Yes. A supplementary inscription may specify the period during which the parking prohibition applies, such as particular hours or days. Outside that period, the E1 restriction does not apply, although other parking rules still do.

Yes. A supplementary inscription or authorised symbol may indicate the vehicle category to which the parking prohibition applies.

Supplementary arrow signs can indicate the beginning or end of the parking restriction. Another type of supplementary sign can indicate that the restriction applies over a stated distance or that the sign is repeating an existing restriction.

A zonal parking prohibition applies throughout the entire area between the zone-entry and zone-exit signs. Unlike an ordinary E1 sign, it is not automatically terminated by each intersection. A specifically signposted different parking arrangement can apply at particular places within the zone.

A Kiss and Ride zone is an area intended for drivers to stop briefly while passengers get into or out of the vehicle. Such areas are commonly used near schools, railway stations and other locations where many passengers are dropped off or collected.

There is currently no dedicated national Kiss and Ride traffic sign with its own separate legal regime in the Belgian Road Code. The enforceable conditions at a particular Kiss and Ride area therefore depend on the official traffic signs, road markings and local regulations used to organise it.

A Kiss and Ride zone is intended for passenger drop-off and pick-up rather than parking. If official signs prohibit or restrict parking, those rules must be followed. Drivers who need to remain longer should use a normal parking space.

A vehicle is considered stopped when it remains stationary only for the time necessary for passengers to get in or out or for goods to be loaded or unloaded. Remaining stationary for longer than necessary is considered parking.

You should not occupy the zone while waiting for a child who is not yet ready to enter the vehicle. Such waiting can constitute parking rather than stopping. Use an ordinary parking place and enter the Kiss and Ride area when the passenger is ready.

Where possible, yes. Remaining ready to leave immediately helps keep the area available for other drivers. Belgian police guidance for school Kiss and Ride zones specifically recommends remaining behind the wheel where practical.

A Kiss and Ride zone is generally not intended for this purpose. If you need to leave the vehicle and accompany the child, use a suitable parking place instead so that the Kiss and Ride area remains available for immediate drop-off and pick-up.

There is no single nationwide Kiss and Ride time limit. The applicable limit depends on the signs and local regulations at the location. Where the area is intended solely for immediate passenger transfer, you should remain only for the time necessary for passengers to get in or out.

Yes. Local authorities can organise the area using official parking or stopping signs, supplementary indications, road markings and local traffic regulations. The precise conditions can therefore differ between locations.

Yes. They are used at many schools to organise short passenger drop-offs and collections and to reduce vehicles waiting or parking immediately beside the school entrance.

Whenever possible, passengers should leave the vehicle on the safest side, away from moving traffic, typically directly towards the pavement. Drivers should make sure that opening the doors does not endanger cyclists, pedestrians or other road users.

Do not stop in a dangerous or prohibited position or block the traffic while waiting. Continue to a legal parking or waiting place and return when space becomes available or when the passenger is ready.

At a Belgian parking meter or parking machine, parking must take place according to the method and conditions indicated on the device. These conditions may include the tariff, operating period, maximum parking duration and required payment procedure.

No. Some parking systems require a ticket or parking card to be displayed visibly, while others register the parking session electronically using the vehicle's registration number or another authorised system.

Yes. Belgian rules allow paid parking to be organised using other methods and conditions that are communicated locally. This can include authorised mobile or electronic payment systems.

If the parking meter or parking machine is out of service, you must use a parking disc according to the applicable Belgian blue-zone rules, unless another valid local arrangement applies.

The arrow of the parking disc must be set to the mark immediately following your arrival time. Unless different conditions are indicated, the standard blue-zone rules apply from 09:00 to 18:00 on working days and allow a maximum parking period of two hours.

Normally no. Where parking meters or parking machines are operating, the parking disc is not additionally required merely because the area is also within a limited-parking zone. The disc becomes relevant when the meter or machine is out of service or when signs specifically require it.

Yes. Drivers must respect the maximum parking duration indicated by the meter, parking machine or local parking rules. Using another permitted payment method does not allow the maximum authorised period to be exceeded.

Where the system permits it, the use of a paid parking card may replace use of the parking meter or parking machine. The permitted parking time may not exceed the maximum duration imposed by the meter or machine.

Yes. Tariffs, operating hours, maximum parking periods and authorised payment methods can be determined locally. Drivers should therefore follow the information displayed on the parking machine, traffic signs and other official parking instructions at the location.

When more than one motorcycle is parked within a marked parking space intended for one car, payment for that parking space only has to be made once.

Yes. Parking arrangements can use electronic supervision based on the vehicle's registration number. Where such a system applies, a physical parking card does not necessarily have to be displayed behind the windscreen.

No. Payment only satisfies the applicable paid-parking requirement. All other Belgian stopping and parking rules remain in force, including restrictions concerning crossings, intersections, driveways, reserved spaces and places where a vehicle would create an obstruction or danger.

Belgian traffic can be managed using traffic lights, road signs, road markings, lane-control signals, temporary traffic arrangements and instructions from authorised persons. Different measures may be used depending on traffic conditions, roadworks or incidents.

Yes. Road users must obey official traffic lights, road signs and road markings when they comply with the prescribed form, are sufficiently visible and have been installed according to the applicable rules.

The orders of an authorised person take precedence over traffic signs and over the ordinary traffic rules. Traffic signs in turn take precedence over the general traffic rules.

You must follow the police officer's instruction. Orders given by an authorised person have a higher legal priority than traffic lights, road signs, road markings and the normal traffic rules.

When traffic lights are operating at a location, the priority signs on the same road normally do not apply. There are specific exceptions, including flashing amber lights, lane-control signals and the B22 and B23 signs for cyclists and certain other riders.

A red cross above a lane means that traffic is prohibited from using that lane or part of the road. Drivers must leave or avoid the closed lane as directed by the traffic-management signals.

A green downward-pointing arrow indicates that traffic may use the lane or part of the public road beneath it.

An orange diagonal arrow, whether flashing or not, indicates that the lane must be left in the direction shown by the arrow. Drivers should change lane safely before reaching the closure.

A flashing amber light means that road users may pass the signal but must proceed with increased caution. The flashing amber light does not change the normal priority rules.

At roadworks, orange temporary lane markings may be used to guide traffic. They have the same meaning as the corresponding white continuous or broken lines and make white longitudinal markings at the same location temporarily inapplicable.

Yes. Traffic may be diverted or channelled because of roadworks, incidents or other obstructions. Temporary signs, barriers, markings and other traffic-management measures indicate the route that road users must follow.

Yes. In urgent situations where traffic is obstructed, the police may use temporary traffic signs to divert or channel traffic. Such temporary signs must be removed when normal traffic conditions have been restored.

Yes. Reversing is considered a manoeuvre, so the reversing driver must give way to other road users and may only continue when the movement can be carried out safely.

No. Reversing is prohibited on motorways, even if a driver has missed an exit or needs to return to an earlier point.

No. The prohibition on reversing that applies to motorways also applies to autowegen. A driver who misses an exit or turning must continue and find a legal route back.

At a Belgian crossroad where no other priority rule applies, every driver must give way to a driver approaching from the right.

You must approach the intersection with particular caution and be able to give way when required. Check carefully for traffic approaching from the right as well as for other road users who may have priority.

No. A wider, busier or apparently more important road does not automatically have priority. If no signs or special rules establish another priority arrangement, the priority-from-the-right rule applies.

Yes. Merely slowing down or stopping does not by itself remove the driver's priority from the right. You should not assume that the driver has surrendered priority simply because the vehicle has stopped.

Yes, when the normal priority-from-the-right rule applies. A cyclist is a driver and can therefore have priority when approaching from the right, unless another traffic rule or sign changes the situation.

No. Belgian law specifically provides that you do not have to give priority under the priority-from-the-right rule to a driver approaching from a direction in which that driver is prohibited from travelling.

No. A driver entering a public road with a carriageway from an earth road or path must give way to drivers travelling on the road being entered.

No. A driver already travelling on a roundabout does not have to give way under the ordinary priority-from-the-right rule to traffic entering from the right. Drivers entering the roundabout must follow the applicable signs and priority rules.

No. Leaving an adjoining property or driveway is considered a manoeuvre. A driver performing a manoeuvre must give way to the other road users.

A driver crossing a cycle path or pavement must give way to the road users who are lawfully using that cycle path or pavement. This obligation applies independently of the ordinary priority-from-the-right rule.

No. Belgian road users must give way to rail vehicles such as trams. This special rule takes precedence over the ordinary priority-from-the-right rule.

The B17 sign warns that you are approaching a crossroad where priority from the right applies. Drivers should therefore be particularly alert for vehicles approaching from the right.

The Belgian A13 warning sign currently warns of a transverse depression or hump in the carriageway that may require drivers to reduce speed significantly.

Observe the road ahead carefully and adapt your speed to the condition of the road. You should approach at a speed that allows you to pass the irregularity safely without losing control or causing danger.

No. A13 is a warning sign and does not itself establish a numerical speed limit. Drivers must nevertheless adapt their speed to the road condition, and a separate speed-limit sign may impose a lower maximum speed.

Not yet. Under the Road Code currently in force, A13 specifically refers to a transverse depression or hump. Its meaning will become broader when the new Code of the Public Road enters into force.

From 1 June 2027, A13 will warn of an uneven road surface or a road surface in poor condition. This broader meaning will replace the current definition referring specifically to a transverse depression or hump.

No. A14 warns of an officially constructed raised traffic-calming feature on the public road. A13 currently warns of a transverse depression or hump that represents a road-surface hazard.

No. The Belgian A15 sign warns of a slippery carriageway. A13 concerns an irregularity in the shape or condition of the road surface rather than reduced grip.

There is no special fixed speed attached to A13. Belgian drivers must always adapt their speed to the condition of the road, visibility, traffic and other circumstances and must be able to stop for a foreseeable obstacle.

Yes. A supplementary sign may indicate the length of the dangerous section. Warning signs can also be accompanied by information indicating the distance to the hazard where appropriate.

In Brussels and Flanders, warning signs are generally placed approximately 150 metres before the danger. If special circumstances require a different distance, a supplementary sign indicates the approximate distance to the hazard.

Yes. Depressions, humps and other surface irregularities can disturb the balance and direction of two-wheeled vehicles. Riders should approach at an appropriate speed and avoid abrupt steering or braking where possible.

A Belgian ring road is a route that runs around or partly around a city or urban area and connects different roads and destinations. Belgian rings are commonly identified by a ring route number.

The F23d sign indicates the number of a ring. Ring-route information can also appear on direction and advance-direction signs.

No. Being part of a ring does not itself make a road a motorway. A ring may contain motorway sections and other types of roads, so drivers must follow the signs and rules applying to each section.

The special motorway rules apply from the point where the road is indicated by the F5 motorway sign and continue until the applicable end-of-motorway indication. A ring-route number by itself does not establish motorway status.

No. There is no single speed limit that applies simply because a road is a ring. The maximum speed depends on the road type, region, vehicle category and traffic signs applying to the particular section.

Yes. Different sections of a ring may have different road characteristics and speed limits. Drivers must follow the speed-limit signs and the general limit applicable to the road they are currently using.

Yes. A ring does not have to consist entirely of grade-separated roads. Depending on the route, sections may include ordinary intersections, traffic lights, roundabouts or motorway-style interchanges.

This depends on the individual section. Cyclists may use roads where they are legally permitted, but they may not use motorway sections or other sections where their access is prohibited by traffic signs or regulations.

This also depends on the road type. Pedestrians may be permitted along appropriate ordinary-road sections but are prohibited on motorways and wherever signs or other rules exclude them.

Follow the normal Belgian keep-right rule together with lane-direction signs and road markings. When approaching a major interchange, choose the lane for your destination in good time without making sudden lane changes.

Belgian advance-direction and direction signs can indicate destinations reached by following the ring. The signing rules contain specific provisions for displaying road numbers and destinations when the route concerned is a ring.

Continue to the next suitable exit or interchange and find a safe legal route back. Never reverse, make a U-turn, drive against the direction of traffic or use connections through the central reservation on a motorway.

A Belgian cycle highway, particularly known in Flanders as a fietssnelweg or fietsostrade, is a continuous cycling route intended to connect cities and important destinations using high-quality cycling infrastructure.

Flemish cycle highways are recognisable by the F-logo and an F route number. These route indications help cyclists follow the cycle-highway network between destinations.

No. The F-logo primarily identifies and guides cyclists along the cycle-highway network. The traffic rules applying on the route are determined by the official traffic signs, road markings and type of infrastructure used on each section.

No. A cycle highway is an entire route. Individual sections may legally be cycle paths, separate paths, towpaths, low-traffic roads or other types of public road, each with its own applicable rules.

The fact that a route is designated as a cycle highway does not by itself make its use compulsory. However, an individual section may contain a compulsory cycle path or another road arrangement that cyclists must use according to the applicable traffic signs and rules.

Not automatically. Being on a cycle highway does not itself give cyclists priority at every intersection. Priority depends on the traffic signs, road markings, traffic lights and other Belgian priority rules applying at each crossing.

Not on every section. Many cycle-highway sections are separated from motor traffic, but others may follow roads shared with motor vehicles. The applicable access signs determine whether motor vehicles are permitted.

This depends on the individual section. A cycle highway may include infrastructure that is also available to pedestrians, while other sections may be reserved for cyclists or other specified road users. The local signs determine how the section may be used.

Whether a speed pedelec may use a particular section depends on the type of infrastructure and the applicable traffic signs. Special rules apply because speed pedelecs are legally classified differently from ordinary bicycles.

Yes, under the applicable Belgian rules. Speed pedelecs may use towpaths when they form part of a cycle highway or where their access is expressly permitted by a supplementary sign. Specific speed rules can apply on these paths.

No. The cycle-highway designation does not create one nationwide speed limit. Drivers and riders must respect the rules and speed restrictions applying to the particular road or path and adapt their speed to other users and local conditions.

No. A cycle highway is a route within a wider network, and individual sections may be completed, improved, temporarily diverted or still under development. The quality and type of infrastructure can therefore change along the same route.

Belgian registration plates are issued through the Vehicle Registration Service (DIV) of the Federal Public Service Mobility and Transport when a vehicle is registered.

Yes, as a general rule. A vehicle may only be put into circulation once it has been registered and carries the registration plate assigned to that registration, subject to the specific legal exemptions for certain vehicle categories.

For an ordinary car, the rear plate bearing the official DIV mark is the official registration plate issued by the DIV. The plate at the front is a reproduction of the registration number.

Yes. A reproduction of the registration plate must be fitted to the front of the vehicle. Motorcycles, mopeds, speed pedelecs and trailers are among the vehicle categories that do not require such a front plate.

For vehicles required to carry one, the front reproduction is fitted in the centre of the vehicle or to the left of the centre.

A standard Belgian registration plate has a white background with ruby-red characters and border. European-format plates also have a blue band containing the European stars and the white country identifier B.

Yes. The registration plate and its reproduction must be securely attached, remain visible at all times and normally be readable in clear daylight from at least 40 metres, with shorter prescribed distances for certain smaller plate formats.

No. Belgian rules state that a registration plate or its reproduction may not be covered, even with a transparent material. Alterations that could create confusion about its characters are also prohibited.

If a rear-mounted bicycle rack covers the registration plate, a reproduction of the plate must also be fitted to the bicycle rack so that the registration number remains visible.

A trailer with a maximum authorised mass not exceeding 750 kg is generally not separately registered and must display a reproduction of the towing vehicle's official registration plate at the rear.

Yes, in certain circumstances. When changing vehicle, you currently have four months to register another vehicle under the same plate number when the new vehicle falls within the same plate category.

If you are not keeping it for another eligible vehicle, the official rear plate bearing the DIV mark must be returned to the DIV for deregistration. The front reproduction is not the official plate used for deregistration.

You must report the loss or theft to the police. The police record the involuntary loss and the registration plate is deregistered. The appropriate re-registration or replacement procedure must then be followed.

Yes. Personalised registration plates are available for several vehicle categories. The chosen combination is subject to Belgian formatting rules and may contain a maximum of eight characters in addition to the mandatory DIV seal position.

A Belgian parking space may be indicated by an E9 parking sign combined with the electric-vehicle symbol. This reserves the parking for electric or hybrid-electric vehicles.

The reservation applies to electric and hybrid-electric vehicles. The sign may also indicate one or more specific vehicle categories to which the reservation applies.

Yes. When a reserved parking place is equipped with public charging infrastructure, an electric or hybrid-electric vehicle parked there must be connected to that charging infrastructure.

No when the space is reserved for electric or hybrid-electric vehicles and provided with public charging infrastructure. The vehicle must be connected to the charger while parked there.

Yes. Belgian parking rules specifically include hybrid-electric vehicles in the category that may use parking spaces reserved with the electric-vehicle symbol.

No. Where the parking space is officially reserved for electric or hybrid-electric vehicles, vehicles that do not belong to that category may not park there.

Yes. Belgian law expressly states that charging the battery of an electric or hybrid-electric vehicle is considered parking.

No. Because charging is legally considered parking, connecting a vehicle to a charger does not override a parking prohibition or another restriction applying at that location.

The Belgian Road Code specifically requires the vehicle to be connected to the public charging infrastructure. Additional conditions concerning an active charging session may be imposed by local parking rules or by the charging operator.

Yes. Reservation for electric vehicles does not automatically make parking free. Drivers must also comply with any paid-parking conditions indicated for the location.

Yes. Parking signs and supplementary information may impose a maximum parking duration or other restrictions. Being connected to the charger does not exempt the driver from those conditions.

Follow the parking signs, time limits and charging conditions at the location. The Road Code requires connection to public charging infrastructure where the charging-space rule applies, while additional rules may limit how long the vehicle may remain there.

The Belgian A51 sign warns of a danger that is not represented by a specific warning symbol.

The supplementary panel identifies the nature of the danger for which the A51 sign has been placed.

A51 is used when no other Belgian warning sign can appropriately indicate the danger. If a specific warning sign exists for the hazard, that sign should normally be used instead.

Increase your attention, read the supplementary information and observe the road and surroundings carefully. Adapt your speed where necessary to deal safely with the indicated danger.

No. A51 is a warning sign and does not itself impose a numerical speed limit. A separate C43 speed-limit sign may be used when a specific maximum speed is required.

You must adapt your speed to the circumstances. Belgian drivers must take account of factors such as visibility, traffic, road conditions, local conditions and foreseeable obstacles, so a reduction in speed may be necessary depending on the danger.

No. A51 warns of danger but does not itself change the priority rules. Any applicable priority signs, traffic lights and general priority rules remain in force.

Yes. A51 can be used where an unusual temporary danger needs to be signalled and no more specific warning sign is suitable.

Yes. The sign is not limited to temporary hazards. It can also identify another unusual or recurring danger when no dedicated warning symbol appropriately represents it.

Yes. Supplementary information can be used in accordance with Belgian signing rules to provide details such as the location or distance of a hazard.

Normally no when the specific sign accurately represents the hazard. Belgium already has dedicated warning signs for hazards such as slippery roads, roadworks, traffic lights, falling rocks and pedestrians. A51 is reserved for dangers that cannot be represented by another suitable warning sign.

Yes. The new Code of the Public Road, which is scheduled to apply from 1 June 2027, retains the A51 sign for a danger not represented by a specific symbol and continues to use a supplementary panel to identify the nature of the danger.

No. Belgium does not have a general rule allowing ordinary motorists to turn right simply because the way is clear. A red traffic light normally prohibits passing the stop line or traffic light.

Yes, when a specific additional green arrow permits it. If a green arrow is illuminated together with the red or orange-yellow light, drivers may proceed only in the direction indicated by the arrow.

No. A driver proceeding under an additional green arrow must give way to drivers lawfully approaching from other directions and to pedestrians.

Yes, where a B22 sign is installed. Cyclists and speed-pedelec riders may pass a red or orange-yellow traffic light to turn right, provided they give way to the other road users who have priority.

No. The exception applies only where the appropriate B22 sign or another authorised signal specifically permits the movement.

The B22 sign allows cyclists and speed-pedelec riders to pass a red or orange-yellow traffic light in order to turn right, while giving way to other road users.

The B23 sign allows cyclists and speed-pedelec riders to pass a red or orange-yellow traffic light and continue straight ahead, while giving way to other road users.

No. Under the current Belgian rules, B23 may only be used where cyclists proceeding straight ahead do not have to cross another traffic stream.

The current B22 and B23 rules do not impose a separate general requirement to make a complete stop. However, cyclists and speed-pedelec riders must give way to other road users and may proceed only when this can be done safely.

No. B22 and B23 are specifically intended for cyclists and speed-pedelec riders. They do not allow cars, motorcycles or other ordinary motor vehicles to pass the red light.

Yes. An additional flashing orange-yellow bicycle signal with an arrow can permit cyclists and certain two-wheeled riders to proceed in the direction indicated while the main signal is red or orange-yellow, provided they give way as required.

Yes. From 1 June 2027, the new Code of the Public Road will use a single B22 system with one or more arrows. It will allow cyclists and speed-pedelec riders to pass a prohibiting traffic light in the direction or directions shown, including right, straight ahead or left where indicated, while giving way to other road users.

The Belgian eID is the electronic identity card issued to Belgian citizens from the age at which the ordinary Belgian identity-card system applies. It proves the holder's identity and contains an electronic chip that can also be used for electronic identification.

The Belgian eID is issued from the age of 12. Belgian children younger than 12 can instead have a Kids-ID.

Every Belgian must normally carry their identity card from the age of 15. In the event of loss, theft or destruction, the recognised temporary proof of the declaration can serve as identification in the circumstances provided by law.

A Belgian who is subject to the general obligation to carry an identity card must continue to do so while driving. The identity card and driving licence are separate documents and serve different purposes.

No. The identity card proves the person's identity. A driving licence proves that the person is authorised to drive the vehicle category concerned.

No. A person driving a motor vehicle for which a driving licence is required must hold and carry the appropriate valid driving licence. Carrying an identity card does not replace this requirement.

Yes. A person over 15 must show their identity card or equivalent proof when requested by an authorised person following an offence against Belgian road-traffic legislation.

Yes, when required. A person over 15 involved in a road accident must show their identity card or equivalent proof to other persons involved who request it. An authorised person may also require identification.

Identification allows the people involved and the authorities to establish the identity of the parties so that the accident can be properly recorded and the necessary information exchanged.

Yes. A valid Belgian eID can be used as an identity and travel document within the European Union and in certain other destinations that accept it. Entry requirements should always be checked before travelling.

Report the loss or theft as quickly as possible through DOC STOP so that the document can be blocked. You must then follow the applicable procedure to obtain temporary identification and request a new identity card.

Yes. After the loss, theft or destruction has been reported, the municipality or police can issue an Annex 12 in the applicable circumstances. It serves as temporary proof of identity within Belgium.

No dedicated standard Belgian traffic sign is specifically assigned to fire risk. A general warning sign or other local safety signage may instead be used to warn road users where a particular fire hazard exists.

Yes. Belgian sign A51 indicates a danger for which no specific warning symbol exists, and a supplementary panel states the nature of the danger. A fire-related hazard could therefore be indicated in this way when appropriate.

Take extra care, respect any access restrictions or instructions and avoid behaviour that could start a fire. During periods of high fire danger, additional restrictions can apply in forests and nature areas.

A Belgian pedestrian is a person travelling on foot. Certain people pushing small vehicles or mobility devices are also legally treated as pedestrians.

Yes. A person who leads a bicycle by hand is legally treated as a pedestrian. The same applies to someone walking a motorised bicycle or two-wheeled moped by hand.

People using certain mobility devices at walking speed can be treated as pedestrians. Belgian rules specifically include persons with reduced mobility using a motorised device intended exclusively for them when travelling no faster than walking pace.

Pedestrians must use the available and passable parts of the public road in a prescribed order, starting with the pavement or designated pedestrian facility, followed where necessary by suitable verges and other permitted parts of the road.

Yes, when the more appropriate pedestrian facilities are unavailable or unusable. When pedestrians use the carriageway, they must remain as close as possible to its edge.

When walking on the carriageway or lateral strip, pedestrians normally walk on the left relative to their direction of travel so that they face approaching traffic. They may walk on the right when safety reasons justify it.

Yes, when a pedestrian crossing is less than approximately 20 metres away. Pedestrians must then use that crossing rather than cross elsewhere.

Yes. Where traffic is not controlled by traffic lights or an authorised person, drivers must approach a pedestrian crossing at moderate speed and give way to pedestrians who are on the crossing or about to enter it.

No. At locations without traffic lights or an authorised person, pedestrians may enter the carriageway only with caution and while taking account of approaching vehicles.

A red pedestrian light means that pedestrians may not enter the carriageway. A green pedestrian light means that they may enter it.

Yes. A driver changing direction must give way to pedestrians crossing the carriageway that the driver is about to enter.

A driver must leave at least 1 metre between the vehicle and a pedestrian lawfully using the carriageway. Outside a built-up area, the minimum distance is 1.5 metres. If that distance cannot be maintained, the driver must travel at walking speed and stop if necessary.

Belgian law distinguishes mainly between class A and class B mopeds. Their classification depends on characteristics including maximum design speed, engine capacity and motor power.

A class A moped is a two- or three-wheeled moped with a maximum design speed of 25 km/h. For an internal-combustion engine, the cylinder capacity is generally limited to 50 cm³, while applicable power limits also apply.

A class B moped is a moped that does not belong to class A and has a maximum design speed of no more than 45 km/h. For many two- and three-wheeled models, the engine capacity is limited to 50 cm³ or the applicable electric-motor power limit.

You must normally be at least 16 years old to ride a moped on the public road.

No. A driving licence is not required for a Belgian class A moped, although the rider must satisfy the applicable minimum-age and traffic rules.

A class B moped normally requires a category AM driving licence. Holders of a Belgian licence valid for category A1, A2, A or B automatically have access to category AM. Specific exemptions also exist for certain older drivers.

Yes. Drivers and passengers of mopeds without a passenger compartment must wear an approved protective helmet. Specific helmet rules apply to speed pedelecs.

A class A moped is limited to 25 km/h, while a class B moped is limited to 45 km/h. A lower speed limit applying to the road must still be respected.

Where a suitable cycle path is provided and indicated in the manner prescribed by Belgian law, a two-wheeled class A moped must normally use it in the applicable direction.

Under the rules currently in force, where the speed limit is 50 km/h or lower, a two-wheeled class B moped may use an applicable cycle path provided it does not endanger other users. Where the speed limit is higher than 50 km/h, it must normally use an available and usable applicable cycle path. Traffic signs can impose different requirements.

Yes, if the moped is designed with a passenger seat and the other applicable conditions are satisfied. A moped rider must be at least 18 years old to carry a passenger, and the vehicle may not carry more people than the number of seats for which it is designed.

Yes. Mopeds must normally be registered and display a registration plate. Belgian plates identify class A mopeds with S-A and class B mopeds with S-B.

Yes. Class A and class B mopeds are subject to compulsory motor-vehicle liability insurance before they are used on the public road.

No. Mopeds are expressly prohibited from Belgian motorways. They are also excluded from roads legally designated as autowegen.

Yes. Belgian legislation places the speed pedelec within the broader legal definition of a moped, but speed pedelecs are identified separately and are subject to several specific rules concerning equipment, cycle-path use, helmets and insurance.

In everyday use, a car usually means a passenger motor vehicle. The Belgian Road Code uses the broader legal term auto for motor vehicles that do not fall within the definitions of a moped, motorcycle or motorised three- or four-wheeler.

An ordinary passenger car normally requires a category B driving licence.

Category B covers vehicles with a maximum authorised mass of no more than 3500 kg that are designed and constructed to carry no more than eight passengers in addition to the driver.

The category B practical driving test can be taken from the age of 18. The theory test can be taken from the age of 17.

Yes. As a general rule, a vehicle may only be put into circulation once it has been registered and carries the registration plate assigned to that registration.

Yes. Motor-vehicle third-party liability insurance, commonly called BA auto, is compulsory. It covers the civil liability for damage caused to third parties under the applicable rules.

Yes. Drivers and passengers must wear the seat belts provided at their seating positions, subject to the limited exemptions specified by law.

Children under 18 years old and shorter than 135 cm must normally be transported in a suitable approved child-restraint system. Specific exceptions apply in certain circumstances and vehicle types.

The number of occupants may not exceed the number of authorised seating positions equipped with seat belts or approved child-restraint systems, together with any seating positions that are legally exempt from having them.

Belgian cars must carry the prescribed safety equipment, including a warning triangle, fire extinguisher and first-aid kit or case. Other equipment requirements may apply depending on the vehicle and circumstances.

The main grooves of ordinary car tyres must have a tread depth of at least 1.6 mm. Tyres must also remain in a safe and serviceable condition.

Yes. A category B vehicle may normally tow a trailer with an MTM of up to 750 kg. Heavier trailers or combinations may require category B with code 96 or a category BE licence, depending on the authorised masses involved.

A Belgian truck is a motor vehicle of category N1, N2 or N3 that is designed and built exclusively or mainly for transporting goods.

Vehicles and combinations with a maximum authorised mass of more than 3.5 tonnes are limited to a maximum of 90 km/h on Belgian motorways, unless a lower speed limit applies.

No. On a motorway with three or more lanes in the same direction, vehicles and combinations with a maximum authorised mass of more than 3.5 tonnes may normally use only the two right-hand lanes, except where specific lane-direction signs indicate otherwise.

A Belgian autobus is a motor vehicle designed and constructed to carry seated and standing passengers and having more than eight passenger seats, excluding the driver's seat.

An autobus is designed for both seated and standing passengers, while an autocar is designed for passengers who are exclusively seated. Both have more than eight passenger seats, excluding the driver.

A bus normally requires a category D1 or D driving licence. D1 permits vehicles carrying up to 16 passengers excluding the driver and measuring no more than 8 metres. Category D covers vehicles designed for more than eight passengers without those D1 limits.

Yes, in most cases. Professional drivers using category D-group vehicles generally need the professional-competence qualification identified by Code 95, although specific exemptions exist.

Yes, if the vehicle is designed and approved for standing passengers. The Belgian legal definition of an autobus specifically includes vehicles constructed for both seated and standing passengers. An autocar, by contrast, is designed exclusively for seated passengers.

Where a passenger seat is equipped with a seat belt, the applicable seat-belt requirement must be followed. In vehicles with more than eight passenger seats, passengers must also be informed of the obligation to wear available seat belts by the driver, another responsible person, audiovisual information or notices at the seats.

An autobus is limited to 90 km/h on Belgian motorways, even though the general motorway limit for many passenger cars is 120 km/h. Different rules can apply to qualifying coaches.

Inside a built-up area, yes in the specified circumstances. A driver travelling in the same direction must allow an autobus or trolleybus to leave its stop when its driver indicates the intention to move off with the direction indicators. The approaching driver must slow down and stop if necessary.

No special priority under this rule applies outside the built-up area. The specific Belgian obligation to let an autobus or trolleybus leave its stop applies within built-up areas.

You must reduce your speed when passing a bus, coach, trolleybus, minibus or rail vehicle that is stopped for passengers to board or leave. Be especially alert for passengers moving between the vehicle and the pavement or verge.

If there is no refuge island and you are travelling on the side where passengers are boarding or leaving a public-transport vehicle, you must allow them to reach the vehicle, pavement or verge safely. You must stop when necessary and may resume driving only at moderate speed.

No. A bus lane is primarily reserved for vehicles operating scheduled public passenger services. Other passenger vehicles with more than eight passenger seats may use it only when the appropriate symbol or indication on the F17 sign or a supplementary panel permits them.

Only in the circumstances allowed by Belgian rules or the signs. Supplementary indications can permit categories such as taxis, bicycles, mopeds, motorcycles or school-transport vehicles. Other drivers may also enter or cross a bus lane in specific situations such as turning near an intersection.

No. Parking is prohibited within 15 metres on either side of a sign indicating a bus, trolleybus or tram stop.

Yes. Road users must immediately obey the orders of an authorised person, including police officers acting within their authority.

Yes. Orders from authorised persons take precedence over traffic lights, traffic signs, road markings and the ordinary traffic rules.

An arm raised vertically means stop for all road users, except those already within an intersection who must continue sufficiently to clear it.

A police officer holding one or both arms horizontally extended requires road users approaching from directions that cross the direction indicated by the arms to stop.

A red light waved transversely means that the drivers towards whom the light is directed must stop.

Yes. The driver of a stopped or parked vehicle must move it when instructed by an authorised person. If the driver refuses or is absent, the authorised person may arrange for the vehicle to be moved.

Yes. A person over 15 years old must show their identity card or equivalent identification when requested by an authorised person following a road-traffic offence or traffic accident.

Yes. A person driving a motor vehicle for which a driving licence is required must hold the appropriate valid licence and normally carry it while driving so that it can be presented when lawfully required.

Yes. Authorised officers may require drivers and other persons covered by the traffic legislation to undergo the prescribed breath test and, where applicable, breath analysis.

Yes. Belgian traffic legislation provides for a procedure involving observations or a checklist followed, where applicable, by a saliva test and saliva analysis.

When the special audible warning announces the approach of a priority vehicle, every road user must immediately make way and give priority. You must stop if necessary.

Not by themselves. Priority vehicles use blue flashing lights during urgent missions, while the specific obligation for every road user to immediately clear the way and give priority is linked to the special audible warning.

Yes, during an urgent mission under the applicable conditions. A priority vehicle using its special audible warning may pass a red traffic light at moderate speed provided this does not create danger for other road users.

An ambulance or other vehicle used for urgent medical assistance can operate as a priority vehicle when it satisfies the applicable requirements for priority vehicles, including the prescribed blue warning lights and special audible warning device.

You must immediately clear the way and give priority. You must stop if necessary so that the ambulance can pass safely.

Yes. Belgian priority vehicles must use their blue flashing lights when carrying out an urgent mission.

No. The special audible warning device may only be used during an urgent mission, but Belgian law does not require it to sound continuously throughout every urgent journey.

The specific Belgian obligation requiring every road user to immediately clear the way and give priority is triggered when the special audible warning announces the approach of the priority vehicle. Drivers should nevertheless remain alert and avoid obstructing an ambulance displaying blue warning lights.

Yes, under specific conditions. A priority vehicle using its special audible warning may pass a red traffic light at moderate speed, provided doing so does not create danger for other road users.

Yes. The driver of a vehicle used for urgent medical assistance may depart from many ordinary Road Code provisions while carrying out an urgent mission. Certain rules specifically listed in the Road Code continue to apply.

During an urgent mission, the driver of an emergency medical vehicle can benefit from exemptions from many normal traffic rules, including ordinary speed provisions. The driver must nevertheless operate the vehicle in a manner compatible with the applicable safety obligations.

Do not make a manoeuvre that creates a new danger. You must clear the way as quickly and safely as possible, stopping where necessary and following any directions from police or other authorised persons.

Create as much safe space as possible and keep the required emergency corridor clear. Do not use the corridor yourself or move into a position that prevents the ambulance from passing.

Not simply because it is an ambulance. The broad Belgian exemptions for emergency medical vehicles apply when the priority vehicle is carrying out an urgent mission. Outside such circumstances, the normal traffic rules apply except where another specific provision provides otherwise.

Reduce speed, leave sufficient space and remain especially alert for medical personnel, patients and other emergency workers. Follow any temporary traffic control or instructions given by police or authorised persons.

Belgian tram lights are special traffic signals for vehicles used in regular public passenger transport. They use white bars, circles and triangles on a black background instead of ordinary red, amber and green lenses.

A horizontal white bar means stop. It has the same meaning for the vehicles concerned as an ordinary red traffic light.

A steady white circle has the same meaning as a steady orange-yellow traffic light: the vehicle must stop unless it is already so close to the signal that it cannot stop safely.

An inverted white triangle has the same meaning as a green traffic light and permits the vehicle concerned to pass the signal.

A vertical white bar permits the vehicle to proceed straight ahead only.

A white bar inclined approximately 45 degrees to the left or right permits the vehicle to proceed only in the direction indicated by the bar.

A flashing white circle has the same meaning as a flashing orange-yellow traffic light. The signal may be passed with increased caution and it does not by itself change the applicable priority rules.

No. These special signals are intended for vehicles used in regular public passenger transport. Ordinary drivers must follow the traffic lights, signs and markings that apply to their own traffic stream.

No. Although commonly associated with trams, Belgian law defines them more broadly as special signals for vehicles of regular public passenger transport services.

Yes, in certain situations. Cyclists using a special traversable reserved lane controlled by these public-transport signals must follow the special signals applying there.

Yes. The special public-transport signals can separately control tram or public-transport movements, so a tram may be permitted to proceed while ordinary road traffic remains stopped by its own signal.

No. Motorists must obey the traffic signals applying to them. A white public-transport signal giving permission to a tram does not authorise ordinary traffic to proceed.

The Euro emission standard, often called the euronorm in Belgium, indicates the European emissions requirements that a vehicle satisfies. It is used as an official vehicle characteristic and can influence access to low-emission zones.

The Euro standard is normally indicated in field V.9 of the registration certificate.

It may be determined using information such as the date of first registration, homologation code or European Certificate of Conformity. The Euro standard may also appear on the vehicle's Car-Pass.

In general, a higher Euro standard represents stricter pollutant-emission requirements. However, the exact limits depend on the vehicle category, fuel type and applicable version of the standard.

It is one of the main factors. Belgian low-emission zones can use the vehicle category, fuel type and Euro standard to determine access. The exact requirements depend on the particular low-emission zone.

No. Low-emission zones are governed by regional and local rules, so the required Euro standard, exemptions, registration procedures and temporary access arrangements can differ between locations.

As of 2026, most diesel cars, vans, buses and lorries must meet at least Euro 6 to enter the Brussels LEZ normally, while petrol, CNG and LPG vehicles concerned by the rules generally need at least Euro 3. Exemptions and day-pass arrangements exist for certain vehicles.

No. Installing a particulate filter does not change the vehicle's official Euro standard for Belgian low-emission-zone purposes.

No. The Brussels LEZ rules state that modifications to the vehicle's engine do not change its official Euro standard.

Yes. Hybrid and plug-in hybrid vehicles with a combustion engine can have a Euro standard. For Brussels LEZ purposes, petrol hybrids follow the petrol criteria and diesel hybrids follow the diesel criteria.

Fully electric vehicles do not produce combustion-engine exhaust emissions. In the Brussels LEZ they are currently automatically authorised, as are hydrogen-powered vehicles under the applicable rules.

You should request a correction of the vehicle data through the competent authority and provide supporting evidence, such as the European Certificate of Conformity, where required.

A pothole is a local hole or depression in the road surface caused by deterioration or damage to the pavement.

Adapt your speed and remain in control of the vehicle. Observe surrounding traffic carefully and avoid sudden braking or steering that could endanger other road users.

Yes. Belgian drivers must adapt their speed to circumstances including the condition of the road, visibility, traffic conditions and foreseeable obstacles.

Only when this can be done safely and legally. Check surrounding traffic, mirrors and blind spots where necessary and do not force another road user to brake or change direction.

A sudden braking manoeuvre should be avoided unless required for safety. When the hazard can be seen in advance, reduce speed progressively before reaching it.

Yes. Deep holes, broken pavement and sharp edges can affect bicycle steering and balance and can damage tyres or wheels.

Yes. A pothole can disturb the direction and stability of a motorcycle, particularly when encountered at speed or while the motorcycle is leaning.

No. The current Belgian warning-sign system does not contain a sign whose specific legal meaning is simply 'pothole'. An appropriate road-surface or general-danger warning may be used depending on the situation.

Not specifically. Under the Road Code currently in force, A13 means a transverse depression or hump. It should therefore not be described simply as a universal pothole sign.

Yes. A51 warns of a danger that is not represented by a specific warning symbol. A supplementary panel indicates the nature of the danger.

Yes. From 1 June 2027, the new Code of the Public Road defines A13 as warning of an uneven road surface or a road surface in poor condition, which is broad enough to cover road deterioration such as potholes.

Check whether the vehicle still behaves normally and inspect the tyres and wheels when this can be done safely. If you suspect serious damage, stop at a safe location and arrange assistance rather than continuing with an unsafe vehicle.