156. 排気ガス
排気ガスは、内燃機関で生成され、車両の排気系統から排出される気体と粒子の混合物です。二酸化炭素、水蒸気などの燃焼生成物に加え、一酸化炭素、窒素酸化物、炭化水素、粒子状物質などの汚染物質を含む場合があります。
現代車は触媒コンバーターや粒子フィルターなどで有害排出物を減らします。量と組成は燃料、エンジン設計、運転状態、排出ガス制御システムの状態などで変わります。
What is contained in vehicle exhaust gas?
Exhaust gas contains products of fuel combustion and can include carbon dioxide, water vapour, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, unburned hydrocarbons and particulate matter. The quantities depend on the engine, fuel and emissions-control system.
Why can exhaust gas be harmful?
Some exhaust components, including carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and fine particles, can harm human health or contribute to air pollution. Exhaust should therefore never be allowed to accumulate in an enclosed space.
How are harmful exhaust emissions reduced?
Vehicles can use technologies such as catalytic converters, particulate filters and electronic engine-management systems to reduce pollutants. Emission standards also limit the amount of certain pollutants that vehicles may produce.

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