1. フィンランド

フィンランドはスウェーデン、ノルウェー、ロシアと国境を接する北ヨーロッパの北欧国です。交通は右側通行で、長距離、人口の少ない地域、急変する天候により、ヨーロッパの他地域とは異なる運転環境になることがあります。冬は特に重要で、雪、氷、暗さが道路状況や速度制限に影響します。北部ではトナカイなどの野生動物にも備える必要があります。

フィンランドにはフィンランド語とスウェーデン語の2つの国語があります。そのため地名などの文字を含む道路標識は、特に二言語自治体でフィンランド語、スウェーデン語、または両方で表示されます。極北ではサーミ語の地名を見ることもあります。フィンランド語にはäやöが含まれ、地名が長いことも多いため、長距離移動では案内標識を注意深く確認する必要があります。

AI
フィンランドでは道路のどちら側を走りますか?

右側を走行し、通常は左側から追い越します。

フィンランドで緊急時に電話する番号は何ですか?

緊急の警察、救急車、消防などは112へ電話します。フィンランドは全国共通の単一緊急番号を使用しています。

フィンランドの法定飲酒運転基準はどのくらいですか?

飲酒運転の基準は血中アルコール濃度0.5‰(0.5 g/l)です。1.2‰以上では加重飲酒運転に該当する場合があります。

フィンランドの市街地の一般速度制限は何km/hですか?

別の標識がない限り一般最高速度は50 km/hです。住宅地や市中心部ではより低い制限が一般的です。

フィンランドの市街地外の一般速度制限は何km/hですか?

交通標識で別の制限が示されない限り一般最高速度は80 km/hです。

フィンランドの高速道路の最高速度は何km/hですか?

夏季の高速道路では最高120 km/hの制限が一般的です。冬季や日照時間が短い時期には多くの高速道路・幹線道路で制限が引き下げられるため、常に表示された速度制限に従います。

フィンランドでは冬に速度制限が変わりますか?

はい。暗い冬季には多くの幹線道路で季節的に低い速度制限が導入されます。例えば夏季100 km/hの道路が冬季には80 km/hへ引き下げられることがよくあります。

フィンランドには道路料金や高速道路ヴィネットがありますか?

いいえ。普通の道路利用について現在、道路通行料、高速道路ヴィネット、排出ステッカーはいずれもありません。

フィンランドでは乗用車も昼間にライトを使う必要がありますか?

はい。自動車は走行中いつでもヘッドライトまたはデイタイムランニングライトを使用しなければなりません。暗闇、薄暮、視界不良時にはヘッドライトと後部灯を使用します。

フィンランドで冬用タイヤが義務になるのはいつですか?

11月1日から3月31日の間、天候または道路状況により必要な場合は冬用タイヤを使用しなければなりません。現在の状況だけでなく、旅程中に予想される状況も考慮します。

フィンランドでスパイクタイヤを使えるのはいつですか?

通常、11月1日から3月31日まで使用できます。その期間外でも、天候または道路状況により必要な場合は使用できます。

フィンランドではシートベルトが義務ですか?

特定の法的免除を除き、シートベルト装備席の運転者と乗客はシートベルトを使用しなければなりません。

フィンランドで子どもがチャイルドシートを使用しなければならないのはいつですか?

身長135 cm未満の子どもは一般に適切なチャイルドシートを使用します。フィンランド交通安全評議会は、身長がおよそ150 cmになるまで適切な拘束装置またはブースターの継続使用を推奨しています。

フィンランドでヘルメット着用が必要なのは誰ですか?

オートバイとモペッドの運転者・同乗者は認可された保護ヘルメットを着用しなければなりません。自転車利用者と自転車同乗者も、道路交通法により一般に適切な自転車用ヘルメットを着用するよう求められます。

フィンランドで運転中に携帯電話を使えますか?

自動車の運転者は運転中に通信機器を手に持ってはいけません。その他の技術機器も、運転を妨げたり危険にしたりする方法で使用してはいけません。

フィンランドで右から来る交通に道を譲るのはいつですか?

優先関係が別に規制されていない交差点では、一般に右から来る交通へ道を譲る必要があります。標識などの特別な優先規則がこの原則を上書きする場合があります。

フィンランドの横断歩道で運転者は何をしなければなりませんか?

横断歩道上にいる、または横断しようとしている歩行者へ妨げのない通行を与える必要があり、安全に停止できる速度で横断歩道へ接近します。

フィンランドの自転車横断場所では自転車が常に優先ですか?

いいえ。自転車道から車道へ入る自転車は、標識や別の優先規則で運転者側に譲る義務がない限り、一般に車道上の交通へ道を譲ります。右左折する運転者は、曲がった先の道路を横断する自転車や歩行者へ道を譲らなければなりません。

フィンランドの住宅区域の速度制限は何km/hですか?

住宅区域の最高速度は20 km/hです。運転者は歩行者に合わせて速度を調整し、妨げのない通行を与えます。

フィンランドでは道路の左側にも駐車できますか?

はい。市街地の双方向道路では、交通を危険にしたり不必要に妨げたりしない場合、左側にも停車・駐車できます。

フィンランドでトナカイなど野生動物について何に注意すべきですか?

特に市街地外では野生動物が重要な道路危険です。ヘラジカ、シカ、トナカイの警戒標識を重視し、特に夜明け、夕暮れ、フィンランド北部では減速して注意します。トナカイや野生動物と衝突した場合は112へ連絡します。

フィンランドの乗用車にはどのような安全装備を携行すべきですか?

乗用車には警告三角表示板が必要です。特に冬季や遠隔地を走る場合は、高視認性ベスト、懐中電灯、防寒着も強く推奨されます。

フィンランドの17歳の乗用車運転者には特別な制限がありますか?

はい。2026年5月以降、17歳の乗用車運転者は00:00から05:00まで運転できません。17歳運転者の追加識別要件は2026年10月から適用予定です。

2. 高速道路

高速道路は、自動車交通のために特別に設計され、標識で指定された道路です。通常、対向交通用の車道が分離され、指定された出入口によるアクセス制御があり、沿道施設への直接出入りや、他の道路・鉄道・通路との平面交差はありません。

高速道路では特別な交通規則が適用されます。利用できる道路利用者、速度制限、車線規則、通行料金、緊急時の手順は国によって異なるため、運転者は現地の交通標識と規則に従う必要があります。

How can you recognise a motorway?

A motorway is normally identified by a special motorway sign at its entrance. It commonly has separate carriageways, controlled entrances and exits, and no ordinary intersections or direct access to neighbouring properties.

Who may use a motorway?

Motorways are primarily intended for motor vehicles capable of travelling safely at motorway speeds. Pedestrians, cyclists, animals and certain slow vehicles are generally prohibited, but the exact access requirements differ between countries.

What is the speed limit on a motorway?

There is no universal motorway speed limit. The applicable limit depends on the country, road section, vehicle category and driving conditions. Posted or variable speed-limit signs may replace the general national limit.

How should you enter a motorway?

Use the entrance or acceleration lane to observe motorway traffic and adjust your speed where possible. Enter only when there is a safe gap and follow the local priority and merging rules.

How should you leave a motorway?

Move into the correct lane in good time and signal when required. Enter the exit or deceleration lane before reducing your speed, unless traffic, signs or road conditions require you to slow down earlier.

Which lane should you use on a motorway?

Follow the local keep-left or keep-right rule and any lane-direction signs. Lanes closer to the centre of the motorway are commonly used for overtaking, but lane-use rules differ between countries and vehicle categories.

Can you stop on a motorway?

Voluntary stopping and parking are normally permitted only in designated parking or service areas. Drivers may still have to stop because of congestion, an emergency or another unavoidable situation.

Can you reverse or make a U-turn on a motorway?

Reversing, making a U-turn and driving against the direction of traffic are generally prohibited. If you miss an exit, continue to the next suitable exit.

What should you do if your vehicle breaks down?

Move the vehicle out of the traffic lanes when this can be done safely, activate the hazard warning lights and follow the local breakdown procedures. Leave the vehicle safely, keep away from moving traffic and use a warning triangle or safety vest where required by local law.

What is the difference between a motorway and an expressway?

A motorway normally has the highest level of access control and is governed by specific motorway rules. An expressway may have similar characteristics but may permit different road users or contain lower-standard junctions. The legal distinction varies between countries.

3. 市街地

市街地は、建物、道路、日常的な地域活動が集中する区域です。運転者は歩行者、自転車、交差点、駐車車両、公共交通、敷地から出入りする車両が多いことを想定する必要があります。

多くの国では市街地内に特別な交通規則や低い既定速度制限を適用します。区域は入口・出口標識、街路灯、その他の法的基準で定められることがあるため、現地の標識と規則に従う必要があります。

How can you recognise a built-up area?

A built-up area commonly contains closely spaced buildings, local streets, intersections, pavements, pedestrians and regular access to properties. Some countries use official entrance and exit signs, while others define built-up roads through street lighting or other legal criteria.

Is a built-up area the same as a town or city?

Not necessarily. A legally defined built-up area may cover only part of a town or may include several connected settlements. Administrative boundaries and traffic-law boundaries do not always coincide.

Is a built-up area the same as a residential area?

No. A built-up area may contain residential, commercial, industrial and public streets. A residential area is mainly associated with housing and may form only one part of a built-up area.

How does a built-up area begin and end?

In many countries, the area begins and ends at official traffic signs. In others, road lighting, development or another legal definition determines whether a road is inside a built-up area. Drivers should not rely only on the appearance of the surroundings.

What is the speed limit in a built-up area?

There is no universal built-up-area speed limit. The default limit differs between countries and regions, and traffic signs may impose a lower or higher limit on a particular road or throughout a zone.

Does the built-up-area speed limit apply on every road?

The general limit normally applies unless a traffic sign, road category or special rule establishes another limit. Major urban roads may have a higher signed limit, while residential streets, school areas and city centres may have lower limits.

Does a speed-limit sign remain valid after an intersection?

This depends on local law and the type of sign. A local speed restriction may end at the next intersection in some countries, while a zonal speed limit normally continues until an end-of-zone sign.

Do pedestrians have priority throughout a built-up area?

No. Pedestrians do not automatically have priority everywhere merely because they are in a built-up area. Their priority depends on crossings, traffic signals, shared-space rules and local law. Drivers must nevertheless remain especially alert for pedestrians.

How should you drive in a built-up area?

Adjust your speed, watch both sides of the road and expect frequent changes in traffic. Be prepared for pedestrians crossing, cyclists changing position, buses leaving stops, opening vehicle doors and vehicles emerging from side roads or driveways.

Are parking rules different in a built-up area?

Some countries apply additional stopping and parking restrictions inside built-up areas. Drivers must follow signs, markings and local rules and must not obstruct pavements, crossings, entrances, cycle facilities or visibility at intersections.

What is the difference between a built-up area and a speed zone?

A built-up area is a broader traffic-law area that may contain many different roads and activities. A speed zone imposes a particular maximum speed throughout the signed zone and may be located inside or outside a built-up area.

When do the built-up-area rules end?

The rules end at the legally defined boundary, which may be indicated by an end-of-built-up-area sign. After that point, the rules and default speed limits for roads outside built-up areas normally apply.

4. ゾーン

交通ゾーンは、含まれるすべての道路または道路区間に特定の交通規則が適用される区域です。規則は通常、ゾーン開始標識から始まり、対応するゾーン終了標識を通過するまで有効です。

ゾーンでは速度、駐車、進入、車種、排出ガス、その他の交通行動を規制できます。使用する標識、対象道路、交差点や例外の扱いは現地の交通法規によって異なります。

ゾーン
What is a traffic zone?

A traffic zone is a defined area in which a particular restriction, prohibition or obligation applies throughout the included roads rather than only at one location.

How can you recognise a traffic zone?

A traffic zone normally begins with a zone-entry sign showing the applicable rule. A corresponding end-of-zone sign indicates where that rule stops applying.

What is the difference between a zone sign and an ordinary traffic sign?

An ordinary sign usually applies to a particular road, direction, lane or section. A zone sign applies throughout a designated area, which may contain several roads and intersections.

Does a zone normally continue after an intersection?

Usually, yes. A zonal rule commonly continues through intersections until an end-of-zone sign is reached. The exact effect of intersections depends on local law.

How does a traffic zone end?

A traffic zone normally ends when you pass the corresponding end-of-zone sign. The normal road rules or another signed regulation then apply.

Can more than one rule apply inside a zone?

Yes. A zone may contain several regulations, such as a speed limit together with parking or access restrictions. Drivers must observe every applicable sign.

Can another traffic sign apply inside a zone?

Yes. A local sign may introduce a different or more restrictive rule on a particular road or section. Whether the original zonal rule resumes afterwards depends on local law and the type of regulation.

What types of traffic zones exist?

Common examples include speed zones, parking zones, low-emission zones, pedestrian zones, cycling zones, school zones and zones restricting particular vehicle categories.

Is a traffic zone the same as a built-up area?

No. A built-up area is a broader legally defined urban area. A traffic zone imposes a specific signed rule and may be located inside or outside a built-up area.

Is a traffic zone the same as a residential area?

No. A residential area describes an area mainly used for housing. It may contain one or more traffic zones, but the terms do not automatically have the same legal meaning.

Does a zonal rule apply to every road user?

Not necessarily. The sign, symbol or additional panel may limit the rule to particular vehicles, road users, times or circumstances.

What should you do when entering a traffic zone?

Observe the entrance sign carefully, identify every displayed rule and remember that the regulation may continue across several roads and intersections until the zone ends.

5. 速度制限

速度制限は、道路、車線、または指定区域で法律上許可される最高速度です。一般交通法規によって定められる場合も、固定式・可変式・一時的な標識で示される場合もあります。

速度制限は上限であり、目標速度ではありません。交通、視界、天候、路面状況、交通弱者、車両状態などにより上限速度が安全でない場合、運転者はさらに減速する必要があります。

What is a speed limit?

A speed limit is the maximum legal speed permitted on a road, lane or within a designated area. It does not require drivers to travel at that speed.

How can you recognise a speed limit?

A speed limit is commonly displayed as a number on a regulatory traffic sign. General limits may also apply automatically because of the country, road category, vehicle type or surrounding area, even when no speed-limit sign is present.

Is the speed limit a recommended driving speed?

No. It is the highest speed legally permitted under suitable conditions. Drivers must reduce their speed whenever travelling at the limit would be unsafe.

Can you drive more slowly than the speed limit?

Yes. Drivers should travel more slowly when required by traffic, weather, visibility, road conditions or nearby vulnerable road users. Driving unnecessarily slowly may nevertheless be prohibited when it obstructs normal traffic.

Does the same speed limit apply to every vehicle?

Not always. Lower limits may apply to heavy vehicles, buses, vehicles towing trailers, novice drivers or other vehicle categories. The lowest applicable limit must be respected.

What is a default speed limit?

A default speed limit applies automatically to a particular road type or area when no traffic sign indicates another limit. Examples include general limits for motorways, built-up areas or roads outside built-up areas.

Does a posted speed limit replace the default limit?

Usually, yes. A legally placed speed-limit sign normally introduces another maximum speed, although lower vehicle-specific or special-road limits may continue to apply.

When does a speed-limit sign take effect?

A speed restriction normally begins at the location of the sign. Drivers should reduce their speed before passing the sign so that they are already travelling within the limit when it takes effect.

When does a speed limit end?

A signed limit may end at an intersection, an end-of-limit sign, another speed-limit sign or the beginning or end of a legally defined area. The exact rule differs between countries.

Does an intersection end a speed limit?

This depends on local law. An ordinary speed restriction may end at an intersection in some countries, while a zonal speed limit normally continues across intersections until an end-of-zone sign.

What is a speed zone?

A speed zone is an area in which the displayed maximum speed applies throughout all included roads. The limit normally remains in force until the corresponding end-of-zone sign.

What is a variable speed limit?

A variable speed limit is displayed on an electronic or changeable sign and may be adjusted according to congestion, weather, incidents or roadworks. When activated, it has the same legal importance as another applicable regulatory speed sign.

Can different lanes have different speed limits?

Yes. Signs positioned above individual lanes may impose different limits on those lanes. Drivers must observe the limit applying to the lane they use.

Can a temporary speed limit apply?

Yes. Temporary limits may be introduced near roadworks, collisions, hazards or special events. Drivers must follow the temporary traffic signs and instructions that are legally in force.

May you exceed the speed limit while overtaking?

No. Overtaking does not normally permit a driver to exceed the applicable maximum speed. The manoeuvre must be completed safely while respecting the speed limit.

Do poor conditions change the legal speed limit?

Some countries impose specific lower limits in rain, snow or other conditions. Even where the numerical limit does not change, drivers must reduce their speed sufficiently for the conditions.

6. 歩道

歩道は、主に歩行者の通行を目的とした通路または道路の一部です。道路沿い、公園や住宅地内、または自動車道路から独立して設置されることがあります。

歩道が歩行者専用の場合もあれば、自転車など他の許可された利用者との共用通路の一部である場合もあります。進入、優先関係、利用可能者は、その通路に適用される標識と現地規則によって決まります。

歩道
What is a footpath?

A footpath is a path or part of a road intended primarily for pedestrians.

Is a footpath the same as a pavement?

Not necessarily. A pavement or sidewalk normally runs alongside a roadway, while a footpath may follow an independent route or pass through an area without an adjacent roadway.

Who may use a footpath?

Pedestrians are the primary users. Depending on the signs and local regulations, cyclists or other categories may also be permitted on shared paths.

Can cyclists use a pedestrian-only footpath?

Normally no when the path is specifically reserved for pedestrians. Cyclists may have to dismount unless local rules or signs allow cycling.

Can someone walking a bicycle use a footpath?

In many countries, a person walking a bicycle by hand is treated as a pedestrian and may therefore use pedestrian facilities, subject to local rules.

Can motor vehicles use a footpath?

Normally no when the route is reserved for pedestrians. Limited access may sometimes be authorised for maintenance, emergency or other specific purposes.

Can a footpath be shared with cyclists?

Yes. A route may be designated as a shared pedestrian-and-cycle path. Users must follow any signs indicating how the space should be shared.

Do pedestrians have priority on a shared footpath?

This depends on the local traffic rules and type of shared facility. Cyclists and other permitted users should always avoid endangering pedestrians.

Can a footpath cross a roadway?

Yes. Where a path crosses a roadway, pedestrians must follow the applicable crossing, priority and traffic-light rules.

Can a footpath be part of the public road?

Yes. Pedestrian paths can form part of the wider public-road network even though ordinary motor traffic may not use them.

Can a footpath have its own traffic sign?

Yes. Many countries use a specific pedestrian symbol to indicate a path reserved or compulsory for pedestrians.

What should cyclists do when a footpath is not open to cycling?

Use the appropriate cycle facility or roadway. Where local law permits it, a cyclist may also dismount and continue as a pedestrian.

7. 歩行者・自転車共用道

歩行者・自転車共用道は、歩行者と自転車の両方が利用する通路または道路の一部です。歩行者と自転車の区画が明確に分離されている施設とは異なり、通常は同じ空間内を通行します。

利用者の速度差が大きいため、自転車は歩行者へ慎重に接近し、速度を調整し、追い越す際に十分な間隔を取る必要があります。利用可能者、優先関係、速度規制は現地の交通標識と規則によります。

歩行者・自転車共用道
What is a shared-use path?

A shared-use path is a path or part of a road intended to be used by both pedestrians and cyclists.

Is a shared-use path the same as a cycle path?

Not necessarily. A cycle path is primarily intended for cyclists, while a shared-use path is specifically intended to accommodate pedestrians and cyclists together.

Do pedestrians and cyclists have separate sides on a shared-use path?

Not always. On a genuinely shared path, both categories may use the same space. Other facilities may divide pedestrians and cyclists into separate sections using signs, markings or physical separation.

Should cyclists slow down near pedestrians?

Yes. Cyclists should adapt their speed when approaching or passing pedestrians and leave sufficient space to avoid creating danger or discomfort.

Can cyclists ring a bell before passing pedestrians?

Yes, where appropriate. An audible warning can help alert pedestrians before a cyclist passes, but it should be used considerately and does not give the cyclist priority.

Do cyclists automatically have priority over pedestrians?

No. The applicable priority and conduct rules depend on local law. On a shared facility, cyclists should expect pedestrians to move within the available space.

Can mopeds use a shared-use path?

This depends on the signs and local vehicle classifications. Some shared facilities are limited to pedestrians and bicycles, while others also permit specified moped categories.

Can speed pedelecs use a shared-use path?

This depends on local law. Because speed pedelecs can travel substantially faster than ordinary bicycles, some countries or facilities exclude them from pedestrian-and-cycle shared paths.

Can motor vehicles use a shared-use path?

Normally no. Motor vehicles may use such a path only where a specific exception or local rule permits access, for example for maintenance or emergency purposes.

Can a shared-use path cross a roadway?

Yes. At crossings, pedestrians and cyclists must follow the applicable traffic lights, priority signs, road markings and crossing rules.

Can a shared-use path be two-way?

Yes. Many shared-use paths carry pedestrians and cyclists travelling in both directions. Users should therefore remain alert for approaching traffic from ahead as well as users travelling in the same direction.

What should cyclists do when a shared-use path is crowded?

Reduce speed and be prepared to stop. Crowded conditions may make normal cycling speed unsafe even when no specific lower speed limit is posted.

8. 歩行者注意

歩行者注意は、前方で歩行者が道路を横断したり車道へ進入したりする可能性を示す警戒表示です。横断歩道付近など、歩行者が多く運転者へ事前の注意が必要な場所で使われます。

運転者は必要に応じて減速し、歩行者をよく確認し、停止できるよう備える必要があります。警戒標識のデザインや横断場所での優先規則は国によって異なります。

歩行者注意
What does a pedestrian warning mean?

A pedestrian warning alerts drivers that pedestrians may be crossing or entering the road ahead.

Where are pedestrian warning signs commonly used?

They are commonly placed near pedestrian crossings or other locations with significant pedestrian activity.

How should you react to a pedestrian warning?

Reduce speed when necessary, watch both sides of the road and be prepared to give way or stop for pedestrians according to the applicable traffic rules.

9. 歩行者専用区域

歩行者専用区域は、主に歩行者が利用する道路または道路群で、自動車交通が禁止または厳しく制限されます。店舗街、歴史地区、市中心部、公共空間などに設けられます。

配送、居住者、緊急車両、自転車などに例外がある場合があります。進入が認められた車両は通常、非常に低い速度で走行し、歩行者へ特に配慮しなければなりません。具体的な規則は現地の標識に従います。

歩行者専用区域
What is a pedestrian zone?

A pedestrian zone is an area where pedestrians are the principal road users and ordinary motor-vehicle access is prohibited or strictly restricted.

How can you recognise a pedestrian zone?

A pedestrian zone is normally identified by a special entrance sign. An end sign indicates where the pedestrian-zone rules stop applying.

Is a pedestrian zone the same as a pavement?

No. A pavement is a part of a road intended for pedestrians. A pedestrian zone may include the entire width of one or more streets, squares or other public spaces.

Is a pedestrian zone completely free of vehicles?

Not always. Emergency vehicles, maintenance vehicles, public transport, delivery vehicles, residents or other authorised traffic may be permitted under local rules.

May cyclists enter a pedestrian zone?

This depends on the traffic signs and local law. Cycling may be permitted at all times, during specified hours or not at all. Cyclists who are not permitted to ride may normally walk while pushing their bicycles.

Must cyclists give way to pedestrians?

Where cycling is permitted, cyclists must normally adapt their speed and avoid hindering or endangering pedestrians. They may be required to dismount when the zone is crowded.

May electric scooters enter a pedestrian zone?

This depends on how electric scooters are legally classified and on the signs displayed. They may be treated as pedestrians at very low speeds, as cyclists or as another vehicle category.

May pedestrians use the whole street?

Usually, yes. Pedestrians may generally use the full width of the pedestrian zone, although marked sections may be reserved for authorised vehicles, cyclists or public transport.

Do pedestrians have priority over authorised vehicles?

Authorised drivers must normally travel cautiously, leave pedestrians sufficient space and stop when necessary. The precise priority rule depends on local law.

What is the speed limit for authorised vehicles?

There is no universal numerical limit. Many countries require authorised vehicles to travel at walking pace or another very low speed.

May children play in a pedestrian zone?

Playing may be permitted because the area is primarily reserved for pedestrians, but this depends on local law. Children must still be supervised where authorised vehicles, cyclists or public transport are present.

May vehicles enter for deliveries?

Deliveries may be permitted during specified hours or under particular access conditions. Drivers must observe the information displayed at the entrance.

May taxis enter a pedestrian zone?

Taxis may be permitted to enter for passenger collection or drop-off, but access may be restricted to certain destinations, times or permit holders.

May you stop or park in a pedestrian zone?

Parking is normally prohibited or limited to specially authorised places. Brief stopping for authorised loading, unloading or passenger access may be permitted under local rules.

Does an intersection end a pedestrian zone?

Not necessarily. A pedestrian zone may include several connected streets and intersections. Its rules normally continue until the corresponding end sign is passed.

What is the difference between a pedestrian zone and a residential shared-space area?

A pedestrian zone is primarily reserved for pedestrians and usually restricts motor traffic. A residential shared-space area normally permits general local traffic but imposes very low speeds and special pedestrian and parking rules.

When do the pedestrian-zone rules end?

The special rules normally end at an end-of-pedestrian-zone sign. The ordinary rules of the surrounding road or another signed zone then apply.

10. 岸壁

岸壁は、港、運河、河川、その他の水辺に沿って設けられ、船舶の接岸や貨物・旅客の取扱いに使われる場所です。道路が岸壁沿いを通る場合、車両は水際のすぐ近くを走ることがあります。

運転者は保護柵のない水際、港湾作業、歩行者、貨物車両に注意し、速度制限や進入規制に従う必要があります。濡れた路面、強風、夜間の視界にも注意します。

What is a quay?

A quay is a constructed waterside platform or road area beside a river, canal, harbour or other navigable water. It may be used by ships, vehicles, workers, pedestrians and loading equipment.

What does a quay warning sign mean?

It warns that the road approaches or leads onto a quay, riverbank or waterside edge where a vehicle could enter the water.

Does the sign mean that the road ends at the water?

It may. The road may lead directly towards the water, turn sharply near it or continue alongside an insufficiently protected edge. Drivers must observe the actual road layout.

How should you approach a quay?

Reduce speed early, remain in full control and watch for the road edge, barriers, bends, workers, pedestrians and moving equipment. Avoid sudden steering or braking close to the water.

Is there a universal speed limit near a quay?

No. Drivers must follow the posted or general speed limit and reduce their speed further when the road is narrow, wet, poorly lit or close to an unprotected edge.

Does a quay warning sign impose a prohibition?

No. It normally warns of danger rather than prohibiting access. Additional signs, gates or local rules may restrict particular vehicles or activities.

Does the sign change priority?

No. Drivers must continue to follow traffic lights, priority signs and the normal priority rules.

May you stop or park on a quay?

This depends on local signs and regulations. Do not stop or park where the vehicle could create danger, obstruct traffic, interfere with loading operations or block emergency access.

Should you park close to the water’s edge?

Only in a clearly authorised and suitable place. Leave sufficient space from the edge, apply the parking brake securely and follow any wheel-positioning or local parking instructions.

May you overtake near a quay?

Overtaking may be legal, but it should be avoided when the road is narrow, visibility is limited or the manoeuvre would bring the vehicle close to the waterside edge.

Why can quay surfaces be slippery?

Water, algae, mud, ice, fuel, oil or material from loading operations may reduce grip. Painted markings, rails and metal surfaces may also become especially slippery when wet.

What other hazards may be present on a quay?

Drivers may encounter pedestrians, cyclists, dock workers, cranes, forklifts, railway tracks, mooring equipment, reversing trucks and unsecured edges.

Why should large vehicles take extra care?

Large vehicles need more space to turn and may have limited visibility close to the cab or trailer. Soft edges, narrow roads and nearby equipment can make manoeuvring more difficult.

May pedestrians walk on a quay?

Pedestrian access depends on local rules. Where pedestrians are permitted, drivers should expect them to move between vehicles, vessels, buildings and loading areas.

Should you reverse near a quay edge?

Reverse only when necessary and when the route is clearly visible. Use a guide where available and never rely solely on mirrors or cameras when the vehicle could approach the water.

What should you do in darkness or poor visibility?

Reduce speed, use the required lights and look carefully for reflectors, barriers, road edges and people. Water and dark surroundings can make the boundary of the road difficult to recognise.

What should you do if a barrier is open or missing?

Do not assume that the route is safe. Slow down, identify the road boundary and follow signs or instructions from authorised personnel.

What should you do if a vehicle enters the water?

Leave the vehicle as quickly and safely as possible, help passengers where possible and contact the emergency services. Do not re-enter the water or vehicle to recover belongings.

11. 勾配

勾配は、道路が上りまたは下りに傾いている程度を示します。急勾配では車両の速度、制動距離、加速、安定性、重い車両の性能に大きな影響があります。

運転者は下り坂の前に適切な速度とギアを選び、長時間ブレーキだけに頼らず、前方の交通に十分な間隔を取る必要があります。狭い坂道では上り・下り車両の優先規則が地域法で定められている場合があります。

勾配
What is a road slope?

A road slope is a section of road that rises or descends over a particular distance. It may also be called a gradient, incline or decline.

How can you recognise a steep slope?

A steep slope may be indicated by a warning sign showing an ascending or descending road. The sign may also display the gradient as a percentage.

What does a gradient of 10% mean?

A gradient of 10% means that the road rises or falls approximately 10 metres for every 100 metres travelled horizontally. It does not mean that the road is inclined at 10 degrees.

What is the difference between an ascent and a descent?

An ascent rises in the direction of travel, while a descent falls in the direction of travel. The same section of road is therefore an ascent in one direction and a descent in the other.

Does a slope warning sign impose a speed limit?

Not normally. It warns of a hazard rather than setting a numerical limit. Drivers must still respect the applicable speed limit and reduce their speed further when necessary.

How should you approach a steep descent?

Reduce speed before the descent, select a suitable gear and maintain a safe following distance. Avoid allowing the vehicle to gain excessive speed.

Which gear should you use when descending?

Use a gear that provides sufficient engine braking and helps keep the vehicle at a controlled speed. The appropriate gear depends on the vehicle, gradient and road conditions.

Should you coast downhill in neutral?

No. Coasting reduces engine braking and may make it harder to control the vehicle’s speed. Keep the transmission engaged while descending.

Why should you avoid continuous heavy braking?

Continuous braking on a long descent can cause the brakes to become excessively hot and lose effectiveness. Select a suitable gear, control speed early and use the brakes progressively when needed.

What is brake fade?

Brake fade is a reduction in braking performance caused by excessive heat. It can occur when the brakes are used continuously during a long or steep descent.

How should you drive uphill?

Select a suitable gear before the engine begins to struggle and maintain a steady speed where possible. Be prepared for heavy or low-powered vehicles travelling slowly ahead.

May a vehicle lose speed on a steep ascent?

Yes. Heavy vehicles, vehicles towing trailers and low-powered vehicles may slow considerably. Other drivers should maintain a safe distance and avoid impatient manoeuvres.

May you overtake near the top of a slope?

Do not overtake when the crest prevents you from seeing far enough ahead. Overtaking near a hilltop may also be expressly prohibited by local law, signs or road markings.

Why is visibility limited near the crest of a slope?

The road surface itself may hide approaching traffic, stopped vehicles, pedestrians or other hazards beyond the crest.

Who has priority on a narrow slope?

Some countries give priority to uphill traffic, while others rely on signs or ordinary obstruction rules. Drivers must follow local law and cooperate when passing is difficult.

How should you meet another vehicle on a narrow slope?

Reduce speed and use a passing place where available. The driver who can reverse or move aside more safely should cooperate, subject to any applicable priority signs or local rules.

How do rain, snow or ice affect a slope?

They reduce traction and make acceleration, braking and steering more difficult. Increase the following distance, use smooth controls and reduce speed before entering the slope.

Why are cyclists vulnerable on slopes?

Cyclists may travel slowly and move less steadily when climbing, while they may reach high speeds when descending. Drivers should leave sufficient space and avoid overtaking without a clear view.

How should you park on a slope?

Use the parking brake, select the appropriate gear or parking position and follow local rules concerning wheel position. Make sure the vehicle cannot roll into traffic.

Can a slope affect towing?

Yes. A trailer increases the load on the engine and brakes and may affect stability. Drivers should use a suitable gear, maintain additional distance and avoid excessive speed.

12. バス専用レーン

バス専用レーンは、主にバスなど公共交通車両のために確保された車線です。道路標示、標識、異なる舗装色などで示されます。

タクシー、自転車、オートバイ、特定車両などが利用できる場合や、時間帯によって一般車両に開放される場合もあります。進入、右左折、横断、時間帯に関する規則は標識と路面表示に従います。

バス専用レーン
What is a bus lane?

A bus lane is a lane reserved primarily for buses or other authorised public-transport vehicles. Its purpose is to help public transport move efficiently through traffic.

How can you recognise a bus lane?

A bus lane may be identified by a bus-lane sign, lane markings, coloured surfacing or the word BUS painted on the road. The markings and colours differ between countries.

Is a bus lane the same as a bus-only road?

No. A bus lane forms part of a wider road arrangement, while a bus-only road may reserve the entire road for buses and other authorised users.

Who may use a bus lane?

Buses operating authorised or scheduled services may normally use it. Other vehicles may enter only when the traffic signs or local regulations expressly permit them.

May taxis use a bus lane?

This depends on local law and the signs displayed. Some bus lanes permit licensed taxis, while others are reserved exclusively for buses.

May cyclists use a bus lane?

Cyclists may use a bus lane where signs or local law permit them. They should remain alert for large vehicles, stops, passengers and buses moving towards the kerb.

May motorcycles use a bus lane?

Only where motorcycles are expressly permitted. Permission may apply to all motorcycles, particular times or specific bus lanes.

Can a bus lane operate only at certain times?

Yes. A sign may show days or hours during which the restriction applies. Outside those periods, the lane may become available to general traffic, subject to the local rules.

Does a bus lane have a special speed limit?

Not necessarily. The normal road or posted speed limit generally applies unless a separate restriction is displayed.

May ordinary vehicles enter a bus lane to turn?

Some countries allow drivers to enter a bus lane shortly before a junction to make a turn. Drivers must follow the lane markings and enter only at the point where local rules permit it.

May you cross a bus lane?

Usually, where necessary and permitted. A driver may need to cross it at an intersection or to enter or leave a property, parking area or side road. The driver must check carefully for buses, cyclists and other authorised users.

May you use a bus lane to pass congestion?

No. An unauthorised driver may not use the bus lane simply to overtake a queue or reach the front of traffic.

May you stop or park in a bus lane?

Stopping and parking are normally prohibited unless a sign or marked bay expressly permits them. A stopped vehicle can obstruct buses and force authorised lane users into general traffic.

Do buses always have priority when leaving a stop?

Not universally. Some countries require drivers to allow a signalling bus to leave a stop, particularly inside built-up areas. Elsewhere, ordinary merging rules apply.

Does a bus lane change priority at an intersection?

No. Traffic lights, priority signs and the ordinary intersection rules continue to apply unless special public-transport signals indicate otherwise.

Can a bus lane run against the direction of general traffic?

Yes. A contraflow bus lane may carry authorised vehicles in the opposite direction from nearby general traffic. Drivers and pedestrians should check both directions before crossing.

What do special bus traffic lights mean?

Some countries use separate lights or symbols for public-transport vehicles. Only drivers authorised to use that lane should follow those signals, while other traffic follows its own lights.

What should you check before crossing a bus lane?

Check mirrors and blind spots and look for buses, taxis, cyclists, motorcycles or other authorised vehicles. Their lane may be moving even when general traffic is stationary.

How does a bus lane end?

It may end at a sign, a change in road markings, an intersection or the end of its stated operating period. Drivers should follow the lane arrows and merge safely where required.

13. バス停

バス停は、路線バスが乗客を乗降させるため指定された場所です。標識、路面標示、停留所施設、待合所などで示されます。

バス停付近では、バスの発進、道路を横断する乗客、停車車両で視界が遮られる危険に注意します。停止・駐車規制やバスへの優先規則は国や地域によって異なります。

バス停
What is a bus stop?

A bus stop is a designated location where buses stop so that passengers can board or leave the vehicle.

What should you watch for near a bus stop?

Watch for buses entering or leaving the stop, passengers near the roadway and pedestrians who may cross the road.

Can you park at a bus stop?

Parking or stopping at or near a bus stop is often restricted or prohibited so that buses can reach the stop safely. The exact restrictions depend on local traffic rules.

14. 行き止まり

行き止まりは、先で他の道路へ通り抜けられない道路です。車両通行はそこで終了し、運転者は戻る、方向転換する、または指定場所で駐車する必要があります。

道路が自動車には行き止まりでも、歩行者や自転車には通り抜け可能な場合があります。その場合、標識に補助記号が付くことがあります。

What is a dead-end road?

A dead-end road is a road that provides no through route for some or all vehicles. Traffic entering it normally has to return by the same route.

How can you recognise a dead end?

A dead end may be indicated by a blue rectangular sign showing a road blocked at one end. The exact colour, design and symbol vary between countries.

Does a dead-end sign prohibit entry?

Normally not. It generally provides information rather than prohibiting access. Drivers may enter to reach a destination unless another sign restricts entry.

Is a dead-end sign the same as a no-entry sign?

No. A dead-end sign warns that the road does not continue as a through route. A no-entry sign prohibits drivers from entering in the indicated direction.

Does a dead-end road always physically end?

No. It may end at a wall, gate, turning area or private property, or it may continue as a narrower path that motor vehicles cannot use.

Can pedestrians continue through a dead end?

Sometimes. A separate symbol, sign or visible path may indicate that pedestrians can continue beyond the point where motor traffic ends.

Can cyclists continue through a dead end?

Sometimes. A sign may indicate a through route for cyclists, but cyclists must still follow any access, direction and path-use rules that apply.

Does a dead-end sign change the speed limit?

No. The normal road, zonal or posted speed limit remains applicable. Drivers should nevertheless reduce speed when space, visibility or nearby pedestrians require it.

Does a dead-end road have different priority rules?

No. Traffic lights, priority signs and the ordinary intersection rules continue to apply.

Does traffic leaving a dead-end road have to give way?

Not solely because the road is a dead end. Priority depends on the signs, road surface, road category and local priority rules.

May you make a U-turn in a dead-end road?

A driver may turn around where the manoeuvre is legal, safe and does not obstruct other road users. Local signs or road markings may prohibit it.

May you reverse in a dead-end road?

Reverse only when necessary and when the route is clear. Give way to all other road users and avoid reversing for a long distance where a safer turning place is available.

Who has priority while a vehicle is turning around?

A driver performing a turning or reversing manoeuvre must normally give way to other road users.

May you park in a dead-end road?

The dead-end sign itself does not normally prohibit parking. Drivers must follow the ordinary parking rules and must not block entrances, pedestrian routes, emergency access or turning areas.

May you park in the turning area?

Only where parking is permitted and sufficient room remains for other vehicles to turn. Blocking the turning area can force vehicles to reverse for an unsafe distance.

Why should large vehicles avoid some dead-end roads?

Trucks, buses and vehicles towing trailers may not have enough space to turn around. Drivers should check the route and any length, width, weight or access restrictions before entering.

Can emergency vehicles enter a dead-end road?

Yes. Emergency and service vehicles may need access to properties within it. Other vehicles should not block the road or its turning space.

What should you do after entering a dead end by mistake?

Continue cautiously to a suitable turning place. Turn around or reverse only after checking carefully for pedestrians, cyclists, vehicles and other obstacles.

Does the absence of a dead-end sign guarantee a through route?

No. Temporary closures, private access, gates, roadworks or outdated navigation information may still prevent passage. Drivers must observe the actual road and signs.

15. 一時停止標識

一時停止標識は、運転者に指定された停止位置で完全に停止することを求める規制標識です。停止線がある場合はその手前、なければ交差点や見通しを確保できる位置で停止します。

停止後、運転者は優先権のある交通や歩行者に道を譲り、安全を確認してから進みます。標識の文字や形状は国によって多少異なります。

一時停止標識
What does a stop sign mean?

A stop sign requires a driver to come to a complete stop and give way before proceeding.

How can you recognise a stop sign?

A stop sign is commonly a red octagonal sign displaying the word STOP. Some countries use another legally recognised design, so drivers must learn the signs used locally.

Must you stop when no other traffic is visible?

Yes. The obligation to stop applies even when the road appears completely clear.

What is a complete stop?

A complete stop means that the vehicle has ceased moving entirely. Merely slowing down or allowing the vehicle to continue rolling does not satisfy the requirement.

Where should you stop?

Stop before the stop line where one is provided. Without a line, stop at the legally prescribed position before entering the intersection, crossing or priority road.

May you stop beyond the stop line?

No. The required first stop must be made before the line. If visibility is limited, move forward cautiously after stopping and stop again where necessary before proceeding.

Must every vehicle in a queue stop separately?

Yes. Each driver must make an individual complete stop. Following another vehicle through without stopping is not permitted.

Does stopping give you priority?

No. After stopping, you must continue to give way to all road users who have priority.

Who must you give way to?

Give way to traffic on the road being entered or crossed and to pedestrians, cyclists or other road users who have priority under the applicable rules.

What is the difference between a stop sign and a give-way sign?

A stop sign always requires a complete stop. A give-way sign requires the driver to yield but normally allows continued movement when the road is clearly free.

May you turn after stopping?

Yes. After stopping and giving way, you may turn in any direction permitted by signs, signals, lane arrows and road markings.

May you turn right at a red traffic light after stopping?

This depends entirely on local law and traffic signs. A stop sign does not by itself permit a turn against a red light.

Does a stop sign impose a speed limit?

No. It imposes a stopping and yielding obligation. The normal posted or general speed limit remains applicable before and after the intersection.

Does a stop sign apply to cyclists?

In many countries, cyclists are drivers and must stop unless a specific sign or local rule provides an exception.

What happens at an all-way stop?

The order in which drivers may proceed depends on local rules, commonly involving arrival order, vehicle position and turning direction. Drivers should communicate cautiously and never assume another driver will yield.

What if two vehicles stop at the same time?

Apply the local priority rule and proceed only when the intentions of the other driver are clear. Avoid forcing the other vehicle to brake or change direction.

Do traffic lights override a stop sign?

Where functioning traffic lights control the same movement, they commonly take precedence over the stop sign. Local rules determine what applies when the lights are switched off or flashing.

Do instructions from a police officer override a stop sign?

Yes. Instructions from an authorised traffic officer normally take precedence over traffic signs and ordinary priority rules.

Can a temporary stop sign be legally binding?

Yes. A correctly placed temporary stop sign at roadworks, an event or another temporary traffic arrangement must be obeyed.

What should you do when the stop sign is partly hidden?

If you recognise that a stop sign applies, reduce speed and obey it. Report damaged, obscured or missing signs to the responsible road authority where appropriate.

16. 譲れ

譲れ標識は、運転者に速度を落とし、必要に応じて停止して、優先権を持つ道路利用者へ道を譲ることを求めます。一般に逆三角形の標識が使われます。

必ず完全停止する必要はありませんが、安全に進めない場合は停止しなければなりません。どの交通に譲るかは交差点の構造、標識、現地の優先規則によって決まります。

譲れ
What does a give-way sign mean?

A give-way sign requires drivers to allow traffic with priority to proceed first. The driver must slow down and stop when necessary.

How can you recognise a give-way sign?

It is commonly an inverted triangular sign with a red border and a light-coloured centre. In some countries, it is called a yield sign.

Must you always stop at a give-way sign?

No. You must stop only when necessary to give way or obtain a sufficiently clear view. You may continue slowly when the road is clearly free.

What does giving way mean?

Giving way means allowing another road user to continue without being forced to brake, accelerate, stop or change direction because of your movement.

Where should you stop when necessary?

Stop before the give-way line where one is provided. Without a line, stop before entering the intersection or priority road at a position where you can observe traffic safely.

May you cross the give-way line before stopping?

You may move beyond the line only when this does not interfere with traffic that has priority. Where visibility is limited, first slow or stop at the line and then move forward cautiously.

What is the difference between give way and stop?

A stop sign always requires a complete stop. A give-way sign permits the driver to continue without stopping when the road is clearly free and it is safe to proceed.

Does slowing down satisfy the give-way requirement?

Only when slowing down is sufficient to let all priority traffic proceed safely. If another road user would be hindered, the driver must slow further or stop.

Who must you give way to?

Give way to traffic travelling on the road being entered or crossed and to any pedestrians, cyclists or other road users who have priority under the applicable rules.

Does giving way apply only to vehicles approaching from one direction?

No. Check every direction from which lawful traffic may approach, including cycle paths, one-way roads with authorised contraflow traffic and separate carriageways.

Does a give-way sign give the other road permanent priority?

The sign determines priority at the particular location. The priority arrangement at later intersections may be different unless the road is separately identified as a priority road.

Does giving way give you priority afterwards?

No. You may proceed only when it is safe. Another driver’s hesitation or courtesy does not remove your responsibility to avoid danger.

Must every vehicle in a queue give way separately?

Yes. Each driver must observe the road and make an individual decision. You may not follow another vehicle through without checking that the way remains clear.

Does a give-way sign apply to cyclists?

Normally, yes. Cyclists are generally treated as drivers and must obey the sign unless a supplementary sign or local rule provides otherwise.

Can a give-way sign apply only to cyclists?

Yes. Some countries use supplementary signs or path-specific signs to require cyclists to give way while other traffic follows a different priority arrangement.

Does a give-way sign change the speed limit?

No. It regulates priority rather than speed. Drivers must still approach slowly enough to observe traffic and stop when necessary.

Does a give-way sign change turning rules?

No. Drivers must still obey traffic lights, lane arrows, mandatory-direction signs and turning prohibitions.

How does give way work at a roundabout?

Many roundabout entrances have give-way signs requiring entering traffic to yield to vehicles already circulating. Drivers must follow the actual signs because roundabout priority rules differ between countries.

Do traffic lights override a give-way sign?

Functioning traffic lights commonly take precedence over priority signs controlling the same movement. The give-way sign may apply again when the lights are switched off or flashing, depending on local law.

Do police instructions override a give-way sign?

Yes. Instructions from an authorised traffic officer normally take precedence over traffic signs and ordinary priority rules.

What should you do when visibility is limited?

Reduce speed substantially and stop when necessary. Move forward cautiously only after giving way and checking that the road can be entered without danger.

17. ラウンドアバウト

ラウンドアバウトは、中央島の周囲を一方向に循環し、複数の道路が接続する交差点です。進入交通の速度を下げ、交差点内の交錯点を減らすよう設計されています。

進入時の優先関係、車線選択、合図方法は国によって異なります。運転者は進入口の優先標識、車線矢印、路面表示に従い、退出時は歩行者や自転車にも注意する必要があります。

What is a roundabout?

A roundabout is a circular road arrangement where traffic travels in one direction around a central island before leaving through the chosen exit.

How can you recognise a roundabout?

A roundabout is normally identified by a circular-direction sign, a central island and entry roads controlled by signs, markings or local priority rules.

Which direction does traffic travel around a roundabout?

The direction depends on the country’s driving side. Traffic normally travels anticlockwise in right-hand-traffic countries and clockwise in left-hand-traffic countries.

Who has priority at a roundabout?

Priority differs between countries and roundabout designs. Entering traffic commonly gives way to traffic already circulating, but drivers must always follow the actual priority signs and signals.

Must you stop before entering a roundabout?

Not always. Stop when required by a stop sign, traffic light or approaching priority traffic. Otherwise, reduce speed and enter only when there is a safe gap.

Does a roundabout always have a give-way sign?

No. The sign arrangement depends on local law. Some circular intersections use ordinary priority rules or traffic lights instead.

How should you approach a roundabout?

Reduce speed, observe the signs and markings, choose the appropriate lane and check for pedestrians, cyclists and circulating traffic.

Which lane should you choose?

Follow the lane arrows and destination signs. As a general guide, use the lane appropriate for your exit, but exact lane-selection rules differ between countries and roundabout layouts.

May you use an inner lane?

Yes, where the road layout and local rules permit it. Before leaving, change lanes safely and give way to road users already travelling in the lane you wish to enter.

Do you need to signal when entering?

This depends on local law. Some countries require a signal for particular exits, while others require no signal when entering.

Do you need to signal when leaving?

Usually, yes. Signal in the direction of the exit early enough to inform other road users, but not so early that your intention becomes misleading.

Does signalling give you priority?

No. A direction indicator communicates your intention but does not permit you to force another road user to brake or change direction.

May you change lanes on a roundabout?

Only when the lane markings permit it and the manoeuvre can be completed safely. Check mirrors and blind spots, signal where required and give way to traffic already in the target lane.

What should you do if you miss your exit?

Continue around the roundabout and approach the exit again. Do not stop, reverse or cut suddenly across another lane.

May you drive over the central island?

Normally not. Some small roundabouts have a mountable central section intended only for vehicles that cannot otherwise negotiate the road safely.

Do cyclists have priority at a roundabout?

Priority depends on whether cyclists use the carriageway, a continuing bike path or a separate cycle crossing. Drivers and cyclists must follow the signs, markings and local priority rules.

What should drivers check before leaving?

Check mirrors and blind spots for cyclists, mopeds, motorcycles and vehicles beside you. Also check for pedestrians crossing the exit road.

Do pedestrians have priority at roundabout exits?

Pedestrian priority depends on crossings and local law. Drivers should approach exits slowly and be prepared to yield to pedestrians crossing or about to cross.

Does a roundabout have a special speed limit?

Not universally. The posted or general road limit applies, but drivers must travel slowly enough to negotiate the roundabout safely.

May you overtake on a roundabout?

Passing another vehicle may be permitted on a multilane roundabout, but drivers must remain within their lane and avoid unsafe lane changes. Local overtaking restrictions may apply.

May you stop or park on a roundabout?

Follow local signs and parking rules. Stopping or parking on the circulating roadway is commonly prohibited or unsafe because it obstructs traffic and reduces visibility.

Is every circular intersection a roundabout?

No. A circular junction may be governed by traffic lights, ordinary priority rules or another road design. Its legal status depends on its signs and local definition.

18. 優先道路

優先道路は、交差する道路より通行優先権を持つことが標識で示された道路です。優先は通常、優先道路終了標識や別の交通規制があるまで続きます。

優先道路を走行していても、信号、警察官、横断歩道、緊急車両など他の規則が優先する場合があります。運転者は交差点へ安全な速度で近づく必要があります。

優先道路
What is a priority road?

A priority road is a road on which drivers normally have priority over traffic entering from intersecting side roads.

How can you recognise a priority road?

It is normally indicated by a priority-road sign at or near its beginning. A corresponding end sign indicates where its continuing priority status stops.

Does a priority road have priority at every intersection?

Normally, yes, while the priority-road designation remains in force. Drivers must still observe traffic lights, authorised officers and any signs applying at a particular intersection.

Does an intersection end a priority road?

Not necessarily. A priority road commonly continues across successive intersections until an end sign or another legally defined change in priority.

Must side roads have give-way or stop signs?

Side roads are commonly controlled by give-way or stop signs, but sign placement and legal requirements differ between countries.

Does traffic from both the left and right have to give way?

Where the priority-road signs apply, drivers entering from intersecting side roads must normally give way regardless of whether they approach from the left or right.

Is a priority road the same as having priority at one intersection?

No. A priority-road sign normally creates continuing priority across several intersections. Another sign may grant priority only at the next intersection.

Does a priority road always continue straight ahead?

No. The priority route may turn at an intersection. A supplementary diagram may show which branch retains priority.

Must you signal when the priority road bends?

Priority does not remove the duty to signal. Use the direction indicators whenever following or leaving the priority route involves a change of direction or lateral movement.

Does having priority mean you may enter without slowing down?

No. Approach every intersection at a safe speed and remain prepared for another road user to fail to give way.

Does a priority road have a special speed limit?

No. The applicable general, zonal or posted speed limit remains in force.

Do traffic lights override priority-road signs?

Functioning traffic lights normally control the intersection instead of the priority signs. Local rules determine what applies when the lights are switched off or flashing.

Do police instructions override priority-road signs?

Yes. Instructions from an authorised traffic officer normally take precedence over traffic signs and ordinary priority rules.

Do pedestrians still have priority at crossings?

Yes, where the applicable crossing rules give them priority. Priority over side-road traffic does not remove duties towards pedestrians.

Must you give way when turning off a priority road?

You must still give way to oncoming traffic, pedestrians, cyclists and other road users where the normal turning rules require it.

Do cyclists on a priority road have priority?

Cyclists using the road or a continuing bike path may have priority over entering or turning traffic, depending on signs, markings and local law.

Does a priority road give priority at a roundabout?

Not automatically. Roundabout priority is determined by its own signs, signals and local rules.

May you overtake on a priority road?

Priority-road status does not itself permit or prohibit overtaking. Drivers must follow the ordinary overtaking rules, markings and visibility requirements.

May you stop or park on a priority road?

This depends on local law and signs. Some countries prohibit parking on priority roads outside built-up areas, while other parking rules may apply inside towns and cities.

Does a vehicle leaving a property have priority?

No. A driver entering the road from a property, parking place or other off-road location normally performs a manoeuvre and must give way to road users already present.

May you enter a blocked intersection when you have priority?

No. Do not enter when congestion would force you to stop inside the intersection and obstruct crossing traffic.

How does a priority road end?

Its continuing priority normally ends at an end-of-priority-road sign. Drivers must then follow the signs or ordinary priority rule applying at the next intersection.

19. 踏切

踏切は、道路または通路と鉄道線路が同じ高さで交差する場所で、level crossingやrailroad crossingとも呼ばれます。遮断機、警報灯、警報音、標識などで保護される場合があります。

道路利用者は慎重に接近し、列車が接近している場合、警報が作動している場合、出口側が塞がれている場合は進入してはいけません。速やかに横断し、線路上で停止、待機、立ち往生してはなりません。

What is a railway crossing?

A railway crossing is a place where a road or path crosses railway tracks at the same level.

What is another name for a railway crossing?

It may also be called a level crossing or, particularly in North America, a railroad crossing.

How can you recognise a railway crossing?

It may be indicated by warning signs, crossbuck signs, barriers, flashing lights, bells or road markings. The design differs between countries.

What is the difference between a crossing with and without barriers?

A protected crossing uses full or partial barriers to block road traffic when a train approaches. A crossing without barriers relies on signs, lights, bells or the road user’s own observation.

Must you always stop at a railway crossing?

Not necessarily. You must stop when required by lights, barriers, signs, an approaching train or an authorised person. At an unprotected crossing, slow down and proceed only after checking that no train is approaching.

What do flashing red lights mean?

Flashing red lights mean stop and do not enter the crossing. Remain stopped until the signal permits you to continue.

May you cross while a barrier is moving?

No. Do not enter while a barrier is lowering, rising or closed. Wait until the crossing is fully open and all prohibiting signals have stopped.

May you drive around a closed barrier?

No. Never drive, cycle or walk around or underneath a closed or moving barrier.

What does a warning bell mean?

A warning bell or audible signal normally means that the crossing is closing or that a train is approaching. Do not enter the crossing while it is sounding.

What does a flashing white light mean?

In some countries, a flashing white light indicates that the crossing equipment is operating and road users may pass when the route is clear. Its exact meaning depends on local law.

What should you do at a crossing without lights or barriers?

Reduce speed, look and listen carefully in both directions and cross only after making sure that no train or other rail vehicle is approaching.

May you cross immediately after a train has passed?

Not automatically. Another train may approach on a second track. Wait until all warning signals stop and the crossing is fully open.

What if traffic ahead is blocking the exit?

Do not enter the crossing unless there is enough room beyond the tracks for your entire vehicle. Never rely on traffic moving before a train arrives.

May you wait on the tracks?

No. Railway tracks must always remain clear. Do not stop because of congestion, traffic lights or another obstruction beyond the crossing.

May you overtake at a railway crossing?

Overtaking is often prohibited or restricted because another vehicle can obstruct the view of an approaching train or warning signal. Follow local signs and overtaking rules.

May you stop or park on a railway crossing?

No. Stopping or parking on the tracks creates an immediate and potentially fatal danger.

Do the crossing signals apply to pedestrians and cyclists?

Yes. Pedestrians and cyclists must obey barriers, lights, bells and authorised personnel in the same way as other road users.

Should cyclists ride across the tracks at an angle?

Where possible, cross the rails at an angle close to 90 degrees. Rails can trap a bicycle wheel, especially when they are wet or cross the road diagonally.

What should drivers of long vehicles check?

Make sure the entire vehicle and any trailer can clear the crossing without stopping. Consider the available space, road gradient, turning room and traffic beyond the tracks.

What should drivers of high vehicles check?

Observe all height restrictions and warning signs. Electrified railway lines may have overhead equipment that can be struck by an excessively high vehicle or load.

What should you do if the signals appear defective?

Treat the crossing with extreme caution. Do not assume that no train is approaching merely because the lights or barriers are not operating.

What should you do if your vehicle becomes stuck on the tracks?

Evacuate everyone immediately, move well away from the railway and contact the emergency services or railway operator. Do not remain in the vehicle or return for belongings.

Is a railway crossing the same as tram tracks in the road?

Not always. A railway crossing normally crosses tracks that are separate from the carriageway, while tram or street-running railway tracks may form part of the road itself.

20. 学校周辺

学校周辺は、多くの子どもが徒歩、自転車で通行し、道路を横断したり車両へ乗降したりする可能性が高い学校付近の道路または道路群です。警戒標識、ゾーン標識、路面表示、交通静穏化設備、点滅灯などで示されます。

特別な速度制限、駐車規制、進入規制が常時または登下校時間だけ適用されることがあります。運転者は減速し、子どもを注意深く確認し、停止できるよう備える必要があります。

学校周辺
What is a school area?

A school area is a road or group of roads near a school where drivers should expect large numbers of children, pedestrians, cyclists and stopping vehicles.

How can you recognise a school area?

It may be identified by school warning signs, speed-zone signs, flashing lights, road markings, coloured surfacing or traffic-calming measures. The signs differ between countries.

Does every road beside a school have special legal rules?

No. Special school-area rules normally apply only where signs, signals or local legislation establish them.

What is the speed limit in a school area?

There is no universal school-area speed limit. The applicable limit depends on the country, region, signs and whether a variable restriction is active.

Is the school-area speed limit always active?

Some limits apply permanently, while others apply only during displayed times or when flashing or variable signs are active. Drivers must observe the actual sign arrangement.

Must you drive below the displayed limit?

Yes, when necessary. The displayed speed is a maximum. Children, congestion, poor visibility or vehicles stopping near the school may require a much lower speed.

Why are children especially vulnerable in traffic?

Children may have difficulty judging speed and distance, may be hidden by parked vehicles and may enter the road unexpectedly.

How should you approach a school area?

Reduce speed early, increase your observation and be prepared for children crossing, cyclists changing direction, vehicle doors opening and cars stopping suddenly.

Do children automatically have priority everywhere?

No. Priority depends on crossings, traffic lights, authorised crossing supervisors and local rules. Drivers must nevertheless take exceptional care to avoid endangering children.

Must you obey a school crossing supervisor?

Yes. Drivers and other road users must follow lawful instructions given by an authorised person controlling traffic for children.

May children cross away from a pedestrian crossing?

This depends on local pedestrian rules. Drivers should remain prepared for children to cross unexpectedly, even where they are required to use a nearby crossing.

Does a school sign create pedestrian priority?

Not by itself. A school warning sign alerts drivers to children but does not normally create the legal effect of a pedestrian crossing.

Does a school area change intersection priority?

No. Traffic lights, priority signs and the ordinary intersection rules remain applicable unless another traffic arrangement provides otherwise.

May you overtake in a school area?

Overtaking may be restricted by signs or local law. Even where it is permitted, drivers should not overtake when children, crossings, limited visibility or stopped vehicles make the manoeuvre unsafe.

May you stop to drop off a child?

Only where stopping is permitted and can be completed safely. Do not stop on a crossing, pavement, bike path, bus stop or another prohibited or dangerous location.

May you park near a school entrance?

Follow the parking signs and markings. Do not block entrances, pavements, bike paths, crossings, visibility or access for buses and emergency vehicles.

Why is double parking dangerous near a school?

It blocks traffic and visibility and may force children to walk between moving vehicles or enter the road from behind an obstruction.

What should you watch for near school buses?

Expect children to enter or leave the vehicle and possibly cross the road. Reduce speed and follow any special warning lights, signs or local school-bus rules.

May cyclists ride through a school area?

Normally, yes. They must follow the applicable road, bike-path, speed and priority rules. Drivers should expect inexperienced young cyclists.

Is a school area the same as a school street?

No. A school area normally remains open to traffic under special caution or speed rules. A school street temporarily restricts or excludes motor traffic during specified periods.

Is a school area the same as a Zone 30?

Not universally. A school area may form part of a Zone 30, use another speed limit or have a variable restriction that applies only at particular times.

When do the school-area rules end?

They normally end at an end sign, at the end of the stated time period or when the variable signal is no longer active. The surrounding road rules then apply.

21. 動物横断

動物横断警戒は、野生動物、家畜、乗用動物が道路へ進入または横断する可能性がある場所を示します。動物は突然現れ、予測できない動きをし、暗闇や植生、悪天候では見えにくいことがあります。

運転者は減速し、道路両側を確認し、停止できるよう備える必要があります。この標識自体が動物に法的優先権を与えたり特定速度を定めたりするわけではありませんが、動物を驚かせたり危険にさらしたり衝突したりしないよう運転します。

What does an animals-crossing sign mean?

It warns that animals may enter or cross the road in the area ahead.

Which animals may the sign refer to?

Depending on the symbol and local conditions, it may refer to deer, cattle, horses, sheep, goats, wild boar or other animals.

How can you recognise an animals-crossing sign?

It is commonly a triangular warning sign displaying the silhouette of an animal. The species shown may indicate the type of animal most likely to be encountered.

Does the sign mean animals are always present?

No. It indicates an increased likelihood of animals crossing, not that animals will be present every time.

Does the sign impose a speed limit?

No. The normal posted or general speed limit remains applicable, but drivers must reduce speed when necessary to react safely.

Do animals have priority because of the sign?

No automatic priority is created by the warning sign. Drivers must nevertheless avoid danger and allow animals already on the road to pass safely.

How should you approach an animal-crossing area?

Reduce speed, increase your following distance and scan the road, verges, fields and vegetation for movement or reflected eyes.

When are wild animals most likely to appear?

Animal activity is often greater around dawn, dusk and darkness, although animals may cross at any time.

Why should you expect more than one animal?

Many animals travel in groups. When one animal crosses, others may follow immediately from the same direction.

Should you sound the horn?

Avoid unnecessary horn use or engine revving because it may frighten an animal and make its movement less predictable. Use a warning only when reasonably necessary to prevent danger.

Should you use full-beam headlights?

Use the appropriate lights without dazzling other road users. When an animal is visible, reduce speed and avoid relying on full beam to make it move away.

What should you do when an animal is on the road?

Slow down smoothly, stop when necessary and allow it enough time and space to leave. Avoid sudden acceleration or aggressive steering.

Should you swerve to avoid an animal?

Avoid an uncontrolled swerve that could cause a collision with another vehicle, tree, barrier, cyclist or pedestrian. Brake firmly while maintaining control and steer only when a safe escape path is clearly available.

How should you pass livestock?

Pass only when the animals and their handlers have sufficient space. Drive slowly, avoid noise and be prepared for an animal to change direction unexpectedly.

How should you pass a horse and rider?

Reduce speed, leave a large lateral distance and pass quietly. Avoid sounding the horn, accelerating sharply or passing when oncoming traffic prevents sufficient clearance.

Must you follow instructions from an animal handler?

Follow lawful instructions from an authorised person and cooperate with handlers controlling animals on or across the road.

May you overtake near an animal crossing?

The warning sign does not necessarily prohibit overtaking, but overtaking should be avoided when animals, limited visibility or approaching traffic make the manoeuvre unsafe.

What if an animal appears behind another vehicle?

Maintain enough following distance to see beyond the vehicle ahead. Be prepared for it to brake suddenly when an animal enters the road.

What should motorcyclists and cyclists do?

Reduce speed, keep both hands firmly in control and avoid sudden movements. Animals may react unexpectedly to quiet or fast-approaching two-wheeled vehicles.

What should you do after hitting an animal?

Stop safely, activate the hazard warning lights and check for injured people. Contact the emergency services or police when necessary and do not approach a wounded wild animal, which may defend itself.

Should you move an injured or dead wild animal?

Normally not. Keep a safe distance and allow the police, wildlife authorities or an animal-rescue service to handle it.

Can animals be present without a warning sign?

Yes. Drivers remain responsible for observing the road and adjusting their speed even where no animal warning sign is displayed.

22. 逆走

逆走は、法律で定められた交通方向に反して走行することです。一方通行道路、分離道路、高速道路の入口・出口、その他一方向専用区間で発生することがあります。

逆走は正面衝突の極めて高い危険を生みます。方向標識、進入禁止標識、車線矢印、路面表示に従わなければなりません。誤って逆方向へ進入した場合は減速し、他車へ警告し、可能な限り安全な場所で停止して緊急サービスへ連絡します。

逆走
What is wrong-way driving?

Wrong-way driving means travelling against the legally permitted direction of traffic.

Where can wrong-way driving occur?

It can occur on one-way streets, divided roads, motorways, slip roads, tunnels, car parks and temporary traffic arrangements.

Why is wrong-way driving especially dangerous?

Other drivers do not expect approaching traffic in their lane, and the combined speeds can make a head-on collision extremely severe.

How can you recognise a prohibited direction?

Look for no-entry signs, one-way signs, mandatory-direction signs, lane arrows and road markings. Motorway exits may also have repeated signs or warning systems facing the wrong direction.

Is wrong-way driving the same as entering a no-entry road?

Entering past a no-entry sign can cause wrong-way driving, but the term also covers turning around on a divided road or using the wrong carriageway without passing such a sign.

Is driving against a one-way street always prohibited?

Normally, yes. However, signs may expressly permit certain road users, such as cyclists or public transport, to travel in the opposite direction.

Is authorised contraflow traffic wrong-way driving?

No. A cyclist, bus or other road user travelling in an expressly authorised contraflow lane or direction is using the road legally.

Can roadworks temporarily change the normal direction?

Yes. Temporary signs, barriers, lane signals and markings may redirect traffic onto another lane or carriageway. Follow the temporary arrangement rather than the usual road layout.

What should you do when you see a wrong-way driver?

Reduce speed immediately, keep as far as safely possible towards the outer edge of your carriageway and avoid sudden lane changes. Warn the police or emergency services as soon as this can be done safely.

Should you attempt to stop the wrong-way driver?

No. Do not block, chase or turn after the vehicle. Protect yourself and allow trained emergency services to intervene.

Should you flash your headlights?

A brief warning may help the driver recognise the error, but avoid prolonged or aggressive signalling that could cause panic or an unpredictable manoeuvre.

Should you sound the horn?

Use the horn only when reasonably necessary to warn of immediate danger. Your first priority is to reduce speed and create as much safe space as possible.

Should you stop in a live traffic lane?

Normally not. Sudden stopping may cause a rear-end collision. Slow down and move towards a safe shoulder, refuge or other protected location where possible.

What should you do after receiving a wrong-way-driver warning?

Reduce speed, stop overtaking, increase your following distance and remain in the lane or position recommended by the local authorities or warning system.

Should you continue using the overtaking lane?

Avoid unnecessary use of lanes nearest opposing or central traffic when a wrong-way driver has been reported. Follow local emergency guidance and electronic signs.

What should you do if you are driving in the wrong direction?

Slow down immediately, activate the hazard warning lights and use dipped headlights where required. Move to the safest available edge or shoulder and stop.

Should you accelerate to reach the next exit?

No. Increasing speed greatly increases the collision risk. Stop safely and wait for instructions from the police.

Should you make a U-turn across traffic?

No. Do not turn across live lanes, cross a central reservation or attempt to correct the mistake through another dangerous manoeuvre.

Should you reverse back to the entrance?

No. Reversing against traffic or along a motorway slip road creates additional danger. Stop safely and contact the emergency services.

Should you leave the vehicle after stopping?

This depends on the location and immediate danger. Remain protected from moving traffic and follow instructions from the emergency services. Do not stand in a live lane.

How should you contact the emergency services?

Stop safely before using a handheld phone. A passenger may call while the vehicle is moving when local law permits and this can be done without distracting the driver.

What information should you report?

Report the road name or number, direction, nearby exit or landmark, vehicle description and the wrong-way driver’s approximate location and direction.

What commonly causes wrong-way driving?

Possible causes include confusion at junctions, poor visibility, unfamiliar roads, impairment, navigation errors, turning around illegally or deliberately ignoring traffic signs.

How can drivers prevent entering the wrong direction?

Slow down at unfamiliar junctions, read signs before turning, verify the road layout and do not rely exclusively on navigation instructions.

Does a navigation system override traffic signs?

No. Traffic signs, signals, markings and instructions from authorised persons always take precedence over navigation guidance.

23. 道路工事

道路工事は、道路上または道路脇で行われる建設、維持、修理、点検作業です。道路配置、車線幅、速度制限、優先関係、通行方向、歩行者・自転車施設が一時的に変更されることがあります。

運転者は仮設標識、信号、バリア、路面表示、作業員の指示に従い、減速し、車間距離を増やし、狭い車線、渋滞、作業員、重機、急な経路変更に備える必要があります。

道路工事
What are roadworks?

Roadworks are construction, maintenance, repair or inspection activities carried out on or beside a road.

How can you recognise roadworks?

They may be indicated by a roadworks warning sign, cones, barriers, temporary markings, flashing lights, machinery or workers.

Does a roadworks sign impose a speed limit?

No, not by itself. A separate temporary or permanent speed-limit sign establishes the legal maximum speed.

Must you drive below the speed limit?

Yes, when necessary. Narrow lanes, workers, machinery, poor surfaces, congestion or limited visibility may require a substantially lower speed.

Are temporary traffic signs legally binding?

Yes. Correctly installed temporary signs must be obeyed for as long as they are in force.

Which road markings should you follow?

Follow the temporary markings that guide traffic through the works. Local law determines how they take priority over older permanent markings.

Must you obey temporary traffic lights?

Yes. Stop at the line or signal when required and do not proceed until the applicable light permits it.

Must you obey road workers directing traffic?

Obey instructions from workers or controllers who are legally authorised to regulate traffic. Their signals may temporarily replace the ordinary traffic arrangement.

What should you do when a lane closes?

Observe the signs and lane arrows, check mirrors and blind spots and merge safely into the continuing lane.

What is zipper merging?

Zipper merging means that vehicles in an ending or blocked lane merge alternately with vehicles in the continuing lane near the narrowing during congested traffic.

Should you merge early?

This depends on local law and traffic conditions. Where zipper merging applies during congestion, use both lanes and merge near the narrowing. In flowing traffic, change lanes when a safe gap is available.

Who has priority when your lane is obstructed?

Without another traffic control, the driver whose route is obstructed commonly has to yield before moving into the path of approaching or adjacent traffic.

Can temporary lights control alternating traffic?

Yes. Temporary signals may allow only one direction at a time through a narrow section.

May you enter when the exit is blocked?

No. Do not enter a narrow section, intersection or temporary crossing when congestion may leave you stopped inside it.

May you move cones or barriers?

No. Do not move, pass around or ignore traffic-control equipment unless an authorised person instructs you to do so.

May you overtake in roadworks?

Only when signs and markings permit it and sufficient width and visibility remain. Overtaking is often unsafe in narrow or shifted lanes.

May you stop or park in roadworks?

Only where temporary and permanent signs permit it. Do not obstruct workers, machinery, emergency access or temporary pedestrian and cycle routes.

What should you watch for near workers?

Expect workers to enter the road, machinery to move or reverse and vehicles to leave the worksite. Reduce speed and leave generous space.

What should cyclists do at roadworks?

Follow the signed temporary cycle route or lane. Check surrounding traffic carefully before leaving a closed or obstructed bike path.

What should pedestrians do?

Use the designated temporary walkway or crossing and follow barriers, signs, signals and instructions from authorised personnel.

Why should you increase your following distance?

Traffic may brake suddenly because of queues, lane changes, machinery, debris or changing signals. Additional distance provides more time to react.

What should you do if your vehicle breaks down in roadworks?

Move to the safest available location where possible, activate the hazard warning lights and contact assistance. Avoid standing in a live or narrow traffic lane.

Do ordinary traffic rules still apply?

Yes. Rules concerning safe speed, following distance, signalling, priority and vulnerable road users continue to apply unless a lawful temporary arrangement changes them.

24. 高さ制限

高さ制限は、表示された値を超える全高の車両が道路区間、橋、トンネル、門、その他の構造物へ進入・通過することを禁止します。車両高には積荷や上部へ取り付けた装備も含まれます。

背の高い車両の運転者は正確な全高を把握し、事前警告に従い、必要なら別ルートを使用します。安全な高さの余裕が不明な場合、目視だけに頼ったり無理に通過したりしてはいけません。

高さ制限
What does a height-limit sign mean?

It prohibits vehicles whose total height exceeds the displayed value from continuing beyond the sign.

How can you recognise a height-limit sign?

It is commonly a circular regulatory sign showing a height in metres, feet or another local unit between vertical arrows.

What is included in the vehicle’s total height?

The height includes the vehicle, its load and any attached equipment, such as roof boxes, bicycles, machinery, antennas or raised loading equipment.

Does the limit apply to trailers?

Yes. Every part of a vehicle combination must fit beneath the restriction, including the towing vehicle, trailer and load.

Does the sign show the exact physical clearance?

Not necessarily. Road authorities may display a lower value than the measured clearance to provide a safety margin.

May a vehicle exactly as high as the displayed value pass?

The legal wording commonly prohibits vehicles higher than the displayed value, but drivers should not attempt to pass without a practical safety margin. Measurement errors, movement and road conditions can reduce the available clearance.

How can a vehicle’s height change?

Loading, tyre pressure, suspension settings, raised equipment, replacement tyres and road movement can alter the vehicle’s total height.

Can air suspension affect the height?

Yes. The vehicle may rise or lower depending on its suspension mode, speed and load. Use the maximum travelling height when planning the route.

Can the clearance vary between lanes?

Yes. An arched bridge, tunnel roof or overhead structure may provide different clearance in each lane. Follow lane-specific signs and markings.

Can the clearance vary across the width of one lane?

Yes. Clearance may be lower near the edge of an arch or where the road slopes sideways. Remain within the authorised marked path.

Can resurfacing reduce the available clearance?

Yes. A new road surface can raise the road level and reduce the space beneath a bridge or structure.

Can snow, water or road debris affect clearance?

Yes. Material on the road can raise the vehicle or restrict the usable route. Flooding may also conceal the road surface or another hazard.

Where are height restrictions commonly found?

They are common at bridges, tunnels, car parks, loading areas, gateways, railway structures and roads with overhead equipment.

Is a height-limit sign a warning or a prohibition?

It is normally a prohibition. A vehicle that exceeds the displayed height may not pass.

Does a height-limit sign impose a speed limit?

No. The applicable road or posted speed limit remains in force, although drivers should approach cautiously.

Does the sign change priority?

No. Traffic lights, priority signs and ordinary priority rules remain applicable.

Can a height restriction be announced in advance?

Yes. An advance sign may show the restriction and the distance to it so that high vehicles can choose another route.

What should you do when your vehicle is too high?

Do not continue. Stop where safe and follow the signed diversion or another suitable route. Do not reverse into traffic without assistance.

Should you rely on a navigation system?

No. Navigation may contain outdated or incomplete vehicle restrictions. Traffic signs and the actual road conditions always take precedence.

Should professional drivers know their vehicle’s height?

Yes. Drivers of trucks, buses, motorhomes and vehicles carrying roof loads should know and, where useful, display the vehicle’s maximum travelling height inside the cab.

What should you do when uncertain about your height?

Stop before the restriction in a safe place and verify the vehicle’s height. Choose another route when safe clearance cannot be confirmed.

May you move into another lane with greater clearance?

Only when signs and markings permit it and the manoeuvre can be completed safely. Do not cross a closed lane, continuous line or opposing traffic merely to gain clearance.

May you lower or remove equipment to pass?

Only in a safe place and when the equipment can be secured correctly afterwards. Never stop beneath the structure or in a live lane to alter the vehicle.

What should you do if your vehicle strikes a bridge?

Stop immediately where safe, activate the hazard warning lights and contact the emergency services or police. Do not continue because the vehicle, load or structure may be unstable.

Should traffic continue beneath a struck bridge?

No, when damage may have occurred. Keep away from the structure and follow instructions from the police, road authority or railway operator.

25. 重量制限

重量制限は、表示された値を超える質量の車両または車両組合せが道路区間、橋、トンネル、その他の構造物へ進入・通過することを禁止します。現地法により、実際の積載質量、最大許容質量、または個別車軸荷重を指す場合があります。

運転者は標識がどの質量を指すか理解し、必要に応じて車両、乗員、積荷、トレーラーを含めて計算する必要があります。制限を超える車両は別の適切な経路を使用しなければなりません。

重量制限
What does a weight-limit sign mean?

It prohibits vehicles or vehicle combinations whose relevant mass exceeds the value displayed on the sign.

How can you recognise a weight-limit sign?

It is commonly a circular regulatory sign showing a mass in tonnes, kilograms or another local unit.

Is a weight-limit sign a warning or a prohibition?

It is normally a prohibition. A vehicle exceeding the displayed limit may not continue beyond the sign.

What is actual loaded mass?

Actual loaded mass is the weight of the vehicle as it is currently travelling, including the vehicle itself, its load, driver, passengers and other relevant equipment.

What is maximum authorised mass?

Maximum authorised mass is the highest total mass at which the vehicle is legally approved to operate. It is normally recorded in the vehicle documents.

Is actual mass the same as maximum authorised mass?

No. A lightly loaded vehicle may have an actual mass below its maximum authorised mass. A restriction may legally refer to either measurement, depending on the sign and local law.

Does the load count towards the weight limit?

Yes. Cargo, passengers, fuel, equipment and other carried items may all contribute to the vehicle’s actual loaded mass.

Does the driver’s weight count?

Where the restriction concerns actual loaded mass, the driver and other occupants are normally included.

Does a trailer count?

This depends on the wording of the restriction. It may apply to each vehicle separately or to the combined mass of the complete vehicle combination.

What is an axle-weight limit?

An axle-weight limit restricts the amount of mass carried by one axle or axle group rather than the total mass of the vehicle.

Why can axle load matter when total mass is legal?

A vehicle may comply with the total weight limit while too much of its load is concentrated over one axle, creating excessive stress on the road or bridge.

Where are weight limits commonly used?

They are often used at bridges, weak roads, historic centres, tunnels, temporary structures and roads unsuitable for heavy traffic.

Does the sign show the maximum capacity of a bridge?

Not necessarily. The displayed legal limit may include engineering and safety margins and should not be interpreted as the structure’s exact failure point.

May a vehicle exactly equal to the displayed weight pass?

A sign normally prohibits vehicles exceeding the displayed value. The driver must still be certain that the relevant mass does not exceed it.

How can a driver determine the actual mass?

The most reliable method is to use an authorised or suitable weighbridge. Vehicle documents alone normally show approved limits rather than the vehicle’s current loaded mass.

Can the mass be estimated from the cargo weight?

An estimate may help with planning, but it must include the vehicle, fuel, occupants, equipment, load and trailer. A weighbridge is preferable when the remaining margin is small.

Can moving a load change the total mass?

No. Moving cargo within the vehicle does not change its total mass, but it can change the load carried by each axle.

Can unloading part of the cargo make the vehicle legal?

Yes, when done lawfully and safely. The vehicle may continue only after its relevant mass complies and the remaining load is properly secured.

Can a temporary weight limit apply?

Yes. Temporary restrictions may protect a damaged bridge, weakened road, roadworks structure or road affected by flooding or thawing.

Can different lanes have different weight limits?

Yes. Lane-specific signs may direct heavier vehicles towards a lane or structure designed to carry them.

Can a weight restriction be announced in advance?

Yes. Advance signs may give the distance to the restriction or indicate a diversion so affected vehicles can choose another route.

Does a weight-limit sign impose a speed limit?

No. The applicable general, zonal or posted speed limit remains in force.

Does the sign change priority?

No. Traffic lights, priority signs and ordinary priority rules remain applicable.

What should you do when your vehicle exceeds the limit?

Do not continue. Stop where safe and follow a signed diversion or another route suitable for the vehicle’s mass.

Should you rely on a navigation system?

No. Navigation information may be incomplete or outdated. Traffic signs and official restrictions always take precedence.

May you reverse away from a restriction?

Only when reversing is lawful and can be completed safely. Use assistance where necessary, particularly with a long or heavy vehicle combination.

What can happen if an overweight vehicle continues?

The vehicle may damage the road or structure and may be stopped, fined, unloaded or prohibited from continuing under local law.