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Brussels

108. Electric vehicle

An electric vehicle, or EV, is a vehicle that uses one or more electric motors for propulsion and stores electrical energy in a rechargeable battery or another electrical energy-storage system. A fully electric vehicle uses only electrical energy for propulsion, while a plug-in hybrid combines an electric drivetrain with another power source such as a combustion engine.

Electric vehicles can be recharged from an external electricity supply using a suitable charging point or charging station. Their driving-licence, registration, insurance, parking and road-access rules depend on the vehicle category and local regulations rather than simply on the fact that they use electric power.

Electric vehicle
BMW i3 charging from a home power outlet. (Tres Ríos, Costa Rica)
Wikimedia.org • Mariordo • CC BY-SA
What is an electric vehicle in Belgium?

An electric vehicle uses an electric drivetrain for propulsion. A fully electric vehicle relies entirely on electric propulsion, while a plug-in hybrid combines electric propulsion with another power source such as a combustion engine.

Do electric cars follow different traffic rules in Belgium?

No. An electric passenger car follows the ordinary Belgian rules for cars concerning speed, priority, lane use, parking and road access unless a specific rule provides otherwise.

Which driving licence do you need for an electric car in Belgium?

An ordinary electric passenger car normally requires a category B driving licence when its maximum authorised mass does not exceed 3500 kg and it is designed for no more than eight passengers in addition to the driver.

Must an electric car be registered in Belgium?

Yes. An electric car subject to ordinary vehicle registration must be registered with the DIV and display the required registration plate before being used in traffic.

Does an electric car need insurance in Belgium?

Yes. Motor vehicles participating in Belgian road traffic must normally have at least the required civil-liability motor insurance.

Does charging an electric vehicle count as parking in Belgium?

Yes. Belgian law expressly considers charging the battery of an electric or hybrid-electric vehicle to be parking.

How is a parking space for electric vehicles indicated in Belgium?

An E9 parking sign can be supplemented with the prescribed electric-vehicle symbol to reserve a parking place for electric or hybrid-electric vehicles.

Must an electric vehicle be plugged in at a Belgian public charging space?

Yes. At a reserved parking place equipped with public charging infrastructure, an electric or hybrid-electric vehicle must be connected to that infrastructure while parked there.

Can an electric car park at a charger without being connected?

No where the Belgian rule reserving the public charging space applies. Merely being an electric vehicle is not sufficient; the vehicle must be connected to the charging infrastructure.

Does parking at a Belgian charging point automatically mean parking is free?

No. A charging-space reservation does not remove any applicable parking charges, time restrictions or other local parking conditions.

Can a plug-in hybrid use a Belgian electric-vehicle charging space?

Yes. Belgian parking rules for these spaces expressly include hybrid-electric vehicles, subject to the applicable signs and requirement to connect to public charging infrastructure.

Can fully electric vehicles enter the Brussels Low Emission Zone?

Yes. Fully electric vehicles are currently authorised to travel in the Brussels LEZ and benefit from an automatic exemption from the emission-based access restrictions.

Does an electric vehicle produce particulate pollution?

A fully electric vehicle produces no combustion-engine exhaust particles, but tyres, brakes and road-surface interaction can still generate particulate matter.

Can an electric car use Belgian motorways?

Yes. An ordinary electric car may use a motorway under the same access rules as a comparable conventional car. Electric propulsion does not create a separate motorway restriction.

1 Brussels 2 Motorway 3 Expressway 4 Residential area 5 Built-up area 6 Zone 7 Speed limit 8 Bike path 9 Cycling street 10 Pedestrian zone 11 Speed bump 12 Customs 13 One-way traffic 14 Quay 15 Slope 16 Bus lane 17 Dead end 18 Stop sign 19 Give way 20 Roundabout 21 Priority road 22 Road narrowing 23 Priority over oncoming traffic 24 Give way to oncoming traffic 25 Pedestrian crossing 26 Railway crossing 27 Mandatory direction 28 Turn prohibition 29 School area 30 Crossing animals 31 Rockfall 32 Curve 33 Chevron 34 Wrong-way driving 35 Roadworks 36 Height limit 37 Width limit 38 Weight limit 39 Radar speed sign 40 Selective barriers 41 Intersection direction sign 42 Priority at the next junction 43 Traffic lights 44 Pedestrian lights 45 Driving licence 46 Location marker 47 Traffic mirror 48 International border 49 Cycling route 50 Parking 51 No parking 52 Kiss and ride 53 Parking meter 54 Traffic management 55 Reversing 56 Uncontrolled crossroad 57 Road surface 58 Ring road 59 Cycle highway 60 Licence plate 61 Charging station 62 Dangers 63 Turn on red 64 Identity card 65 Fire risk 66 Pedestrian 67 Moped 68 Car 69 Truck 70 Bus 71 Police 72 Ambulance 73 Tram lights 74 European emission standard 75 Pothole 76 Public square 77 Path 78 Particulates 79 Air pollution 80 Rush hour 81 Road code 82 Street gutter 83 Cargo bike 84 Forestry vehicle 85 Construction vehicle 86 Semi-trailer truck 87 Trolleybus 88 Speed pedelec 89 Delivery vehicle 90 Idling 91 Tow truck 92 Four-wheel drive 93 No vehicles 94 Bicycle 95 Motorcycle equipment 96 Railcar 97 Rail track 98 Public transport 99 Caravan 100 Trailer ... 101 Tow hitch 102 Fire truck 103 Siren 104 Convoy 105 Emergency vehicle lighting 106 Agricultural machinery 107 Electric bicycle 108 Electric vehicle 109 Pedelec 110 Quadricycle 111 Microcar 112 All-terrain vehicle 113 Van 114 Recreational vehicle 115 Scooter 116 Trikke 117 Personal mobility device 118 Skateboard 119 Segway 120 Kick scooter 121 Roller skates 122 Mailman 123 Hitchhiker 124 Toddler 125 Child 126 Disability 127 Motorail 128 km/h 129 mph 130 Speedometer 131 National speed 132 Ride height 133 Dirt road 134 Driving 135 Start-stop system 136 Manual transmission 137 Automatic transmission 138 Throttle 139 Tachometer 140 Steering wheel 141 Power steering 142 Visual scanning 143 Mirror 144 Fuel 145 Fuel gauge 146 Petrol 147 Diesel 148 Diesel exhaust fluid 149 Car insurance 150 First aid kit 151 Fire extinguisher 152 High-visibility clothing 153 First aid 154 Concrete step barrier 155 Barriers 156 Vehicle lights 157 Street lights 158 Dipped beam 159 High beam 160 Fog lights 161 Front fog lights 162 Rear fog lights 163 Side lights 164 Turn signals 165 Hazard lights 166 Dashboard lights 167 Bicycle lighting 168 Bicycle bell 169 Headlight flashing 170 Seat belt 171 Child restraints 172 Head restraints 173 Airbag 174 ABS 175 Esp 176 Traction control system 177 Helmet 178 Bicycle helmet 179 Hands-free 180 Smartphone 181 GPS 182 Brake 183 Handbrake 184 Brake fluid 185 Tyres 186 Tyre code 187 Winter tyres 188 Tyre pressure 189 Snow chains 190 Bicycle tyre 191 Continuous track 192 Gross Vehicle Weight 193 Gross Vehicle Weight Rating 194 Cargo 195 Car body 196 Trunk 197 Roof rack 198 Windscreen 199 Emergency hammer 200 Car battery 201 Traction battery 202 Suspension 203 Shock absorber 204 Spring 205 Exhaust 206 Exhaust gas 207 Soot 208 Catalytic converter 209 Engine 210 Petrol engine 211 Diesel engine 212 Electric motor 213 Timing belt 214 Glow plug 215 Cylinder 216 Engine oil 217 Coolant 218 Maintenance 219 Spare tyre 220 Flat tyre 221 Jack 222 Vehicle inspection 223 Key 224 Dashboard 225 Windscreen wiper 226 Doors 227 Glovebox 228 Visibility 229 Rain 230 Fog 231 Hail 232 Sunlight 233 Sunglasses 234 Salt 235 Air conditioning 236 Hydroplaning 237 Distraction 238 Emotions 239 Road rage 240 Health 241 Epilepsy 242 Night blindness 243 Visual impairment 244 Fatigue 245 Defects 246 Traffic violation 247 Alcohol 248 Alcohol control 249 Ignition interlock device 250 Breath test 251 Breath analysis 252 Blood alcohol content 253 Blood test 254 Saliva test 255 Drugs 256 Medication 257 Penalties 258 Speeding 259 Smoking 260 Traffic enforcement camera 261 Double curve 262 Accident 263 Injuries 264 Nosebleed 265 Damage 266 Breakdown 267 Warning triangle 268 Traffic rules 269 Driving school 270 Traffic signs