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An interchange is a junction that allows traffic to transfer between major roads, commonly using ramps and grade-separated bridges or tunnels.

At an ordinary intersection, traffic streams normally meet or cross at the same level. An interchange usually separates major traffic movements vertically and connects them using ramps.

They are most common on motorways, expressways, ring roads and other high-capacity roads where stopping at ordinary intersections would disrupt traffic flow.

A ramp is a connecting road that allows vehicles to enter, leave or transfer between the roads forming the interchange.

Read the advance-direction signs early, identify your route or destination and move into the appropriate lane in sufficient time.

No. Interchanges can contain several exits and merging traffic streams. Signal in good time and change lane only when there is sufficient space to do so safely.

This depends on the local signs, markings and merging rules. Drivers joining a motorway commonly have to give way to traffic already travelling on it, but local regulations must always be followed.

Yes. Ramps may have lower speed limits or require a lower safe speed because of bends, merging traffic or limited visibility.

Continue to the next suitable exit or interchange. Never reverse, stop unexpectedly or cross prohibited areas to return to a missed exit.

No. Common layouts include cloverleaf, diamond, trumpet and directional interchanges. Their design depends on traffic volumes, available space and the roads being connected.