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DrugsWallonia

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Traffic signs
Traffic rules
Wallonia

255. Drugs

Drugs can seriously affect driving by changing perception, concentration, reaction time, coordination and judgement. Stimulants, cannabis, opioids and other psychoactive substances can each impair driving in different ways, and combining drugs with alcohol or other substances can increase the risk further. The effects may continue even after a person no longer feels intoxicated. Drug-driving laws vary between countries, but drivers should never drive when a substance affects their ability to control the vehicle safely.

Is driving after using drugs illegal in Belgium?

Yes. Belgian law prohibits driving when specified drugs are present at or above the legal concentration thresholds established for saliva or blood analysis.

Which drugs are currently included in Belgian roadside drug controls?

The current system covers THC, amphetamine, MDMA, morphine or 6-acetylmorphine, and cocaine or benzoylecgonine. These substances are detected using saliva testing and confirmed by saliva or blood analysis.

How does a Belgian roadside drug control work?

Police normally use a standardised checklist for signs of recent drug use, followed by a saliva test when indicated. After a positive saliva test, a laboratory saliva analysis is normally used to confirm the offence.

What happens after a positive saliva test in Belgium?

A positive saliva test results in an immediate 12-hour prohibition on driving. Before driving again, a new saliva test is required. If it remains positive, the prohibition is renewed for another 12 hours.

Can refusing a drug test lead to penalties in Belgium?

Yes. Refusing a legally required saliva test or saliva analysis without a valid reason is punishable and also results in an immediate 12-hour driving prohibition.

Can police use a blood test for drugs in Belgium?

Yes. A blood analysis can be used in circumstances provided by law, including when a required saliva test or saliva analysis cannot be performed.

Is ketamine included in Belgium’s drug-driving rules?

Belgium adopted legislation in 2026 to add ketamine to the drug-driving framework. The legal framework has been prepared, but roadside enforcement depends on the availability of approved saliva tests capable of detecting ketamine.

Can drug driving lead to losing your driving licence in Belgium?

Yes. Drug-driving offences can lead to fines, immediate driving restrictions, court proceedings and disqualification from driving, depending on the circumstances and any previous offences.

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