AduanaFrancia

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18. Aduana

La aduana es el sistema de control aplicado cuando personas, vehículos o mercancías cruzan determinadas fronteras. Los funcionarios de aduanas pueden comprobar documentos, mercancías, equipaje, vehículos y el cumplimiento de normas sobre importación, exportación, impuestos y artículos restringidos.

Los conductores deben utilizar el canal o carril correcto, declarar las mercancías cuando sea obligatorio y seguir las instrucciones de los funcionarios. Los requisitos aduaneros dependen de los países implicados y del tipo de viaje o mercancía transportada.

What is customs?

Customs is the government service that controls goods entering or leaving a country or customs territory, collects applicable duties and taxes, and enforces restrictions on prohibited or regulated goods.

What is a customs checkpoint?

A customs checkpoint is a control point where drivers and passengers may be required to stop, declare goods and present documents. Vehicles, luggage and cargo may be inspected in accordance with local law.

How can you recognise a customs checkpoint?

It may be indicated by signs displaying words such as Customs, Douane, Zoll or another local-language equivalent. Barriers, traffic lights, lane arrows and instructions from officers may also control access.

Must you stop at a customs sign?

Yes, when the sign or officer requires it. Reduce speed, enter the indicated lane and stop at the line, barrier or place shown.

Is customs the same as passport control?

No. Customs primarily controls goods, money and cargo. Passport or immigration control concerns people, identity documents and permission to enter or leave a territory. Both controls may take place at the same border facility.

Is a customs border always the same as a national border?

No. Several countries may form a customs union with no routine customs formalities between them. Some territories may also have a different customs status from the country to which they belong.

Does every border have a permanent customs checkpoint?

No. Some borders have permanent facilities, while others have mobile, temporary or selective controls. Borders within a customs union may have no routine customs checkpoint.

Can customs checks take place away from a border?

Yes. Depending on local law, checks may occur at ports, ferry terminals, airports, warehouses, inspection areas or inland road-control locations.

What should you do when approaching customs?

Reduce speed, observe the lane signs and be prepared to stop. Keep the required identification, vehicle, travel and goods documents accessible and follow the officers’ instructions.

Which documents may customs request?

Customs may request identification, vehicle documents, receipts, invoices, transport papers, customs declarations, permits or proof of ownership, depending on the journey and goods carried.

Which goods must be declared?

Goods exceeding duty-free allowances, commercial goods and certain restricted products may require a declaration. The applicable rules depend on the customs territory, journey, quantity, value and intended use.

What do red and green customs channels mean?

Where these channels are used, the red channel is generally for travellers who have goods to declare or need assistance. The green channel is for travellers who believe they have nothing that must be declared. Using the green channel does not prevent an inspection.

Can customs inspect your vehicle or luggage?

Yes, subject to local law. Officers may examine luggage, cargo spaces, vehicle compartments and accompanying documents to verify that customs rules are being followed.

Does duty-free mean that goods never need to be declared?

No. Duty-free allowances normally apply only within specified values, quantities and conditions. Restricted goods or quantities exceeding an allowance may still require declaration and payment.

Must cash be declared?

Many countries require travellers carrying cash or other monetary instruments above a specified amount to make a declaration. The threshold, definition of cash and procedure differ between customs territories.

Do personal belongings count as imported goods?

Ordinary personal belongings used during a journey are often admitted without duties, but newly purchased, high-value, commercial or restricted goods may be subject to special requirements.

What rules apply to commercial cargo?

Commercial goods normally require customs documentation and may be subject to duties, taxes, inspections, permits, origin rules and transit procedures. The driver must carry the documents required for the shipment.

What are restricted goods?

Restricted goods may include certain foods, plants, animals, medicines, weapons, cultural objects, protected species, counterfeit products and hazardous materials. Requirements vary by country.

What happens if goods are not declared?

Undeclared goods may be detained or seized, and the traveller may have to pay duties, taxes, fines or other penalties. Serious cases may lead to criminal proceedings.

Whose instructions should you follow at a customs checkpoint?

Follow the instructions of authorised customs, police and border officers, together with traffic lights, barriers, lane signals and road signs.

1 Francia 2 Autopista 3 Vía rápida 4 Zona residencial 5 Zona 6 Límite de velocidad 7 Velocidad mínima 8 Velocidad recomendada 9 Senda peatonal 10 Carril bici 11 Advertencia de peatones 12 Túnel 13 Puente 14 Calle ciclista 15 Zona peatonal 16 Resalto 17 Carretera de peaje 18 Aduana 19 Sentido único 20 Muelle 21 Pendiente 22 Carril bus 23 Parada de autobús 24 Calle sin salida 25 Señal de STOP 26 Ceda el paso 27 Glorieta 28 Vía con prioridad 29 Estrechamiento de calzada 30 Prioridad sobre el tráfico en sentido contrario 31 Ceda el paso al tráfico en sentido contrario 32 Paso de peatones 33 Paso a nivel 34 Dirección obligatoria 35 Prohibición de giro 36 Zona escolar 37 Adelantamiento 38 Cruce de animales 39 Calzada deslizante 40 Desprendimiento de rocas 41 Aeronaves 42 Curva 43 Panel direccional 44 Circulación en sentido contrario 45 Obras 46 Viento lateral 47 Límite de altura 48 Límite de anchura 49 Límite de longitud 50 Límite de peso 51 Señal de control de velocidad 52 Barreras selectivas 53 Zona de bajas emisiones 54 Prioridad en la próxima intersección 55 Semáforos 56 Advertencia de semáforos 57 Semáforos peatonales 58 Marcas viales 59 Esquema de intersección 60 Zona avanzada para bicicletas 61 Indicador de velocidad 62 Permiso de conducir 63 Marcador de ubicación 64 Número de carretera 65 Paneles de aproximación 66 Aseos públicos 67 Área de descanso 68 Espejo de tráfico 69 Teléfono de emergencia 70 Frontera internacional 71 Ruta ciclista 72 Fin de restricción 73 Estacionamiento 74 Prohibido estacionar 75 Prohibido parar 76 Estacionamiento en línea 77 Estacionamiento alterno 78 Parquímetro 79 Disco de estacionamiento 80 Estacionamiento para personas con discapacidad 81 Gestión del tráfico 82 Incorporación 83 Marcha atrás 84 Cambio de sentido 85 Viaje compartido 86 Atasco 87 Intersección sin regulación 88 Estado de la calzada 89 Circunvalación 90 Salida 91 Punto de información 92 Equitación 93 Permiso provisional 94 Mercancías peligrosas 95 Salida de emergencia 96 Rampa de frenado de emergencia 97 Servicio de radio 98 Carga sobredimensionada 99 Carril 100 Estación de inflado ...